影响载荷下上颌半口义齿基托变形因素的三维有限元分析  

Three dimension finite element analysis on the deformation in maxillary complete denture

作　　者：肖敏[1] 白乐康[1] 刘越胜[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学口腔医院修复科,主治医师陕西710004 [2]西安交通大学口腔医院技工中心,主管技师陕西710004

出　　处：《口腔颌面修复学杂志》2011年第4期200-204,共5页Chinese Journal of Prosthodontics

基　　金：陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目(项目编号:2004K16-G1);西安交通大学口腔医院青年科研基金(项目编号:2006KQ02)

摘　　要：目的:研究功能状态下上颌半口义齿基托边缘封闭区及中线区不同位点变形的方向、大小及其与牙尖斜度、腭穹窿形态的关系。方法:使用三维有限元法分别对牙尖斜度为0°、20°、30°的尖、平、凹型腭穹隆形态的上颌半口义齿进行加载,得出义齿基托磨光面各节点的三维变形方向及数值。结果:双侧后牙加载时基托颊侧边缘区发生背离支持组织变形,切牙乳突区、唇系带切迹区及后缘区发生压向支持组织变形,随牙尖斜度0°、20°、30°变化变形值增加。全牙列加载时基托颊侧边缘区发生背离支持组织变形,切牙乳突区发生压向支持组织变形,唇系带切迹区及后缘区变形方向随牙尖斜度变化而变化。切牙乳突区变形值随牙尖斜度0°、20°、30°变化而增加。单侧后牙加载时后缘区、对侧颊侧边缘区发生背离支持组织变形,切牙乳突区发生压向支持组织变形,同侧颊侧边缘区变形方向随牙尖斜度变化而变化。后缘区及切牙乳突区变形值随牙尖斜度0°、20°、30°变化而增加。凹型腭穹窿形态基托在全牙列及双侧后牙加载时背离变形值小于尖型及平型,压向变形值(切牙乳突区及后缘区)大于尖型及平型,在单侧后牙加载时对侧颊侧边缘区背离变形值小于尖型及平型,切牙乳突区压向变形值大于尖型及平型。结论:加载方式和牙尖斜度共同影响上颌半口义齿基托变形的方向及大小,牙尖斜度的增大可明显增大基托的压向变形和背离变形值。腭穹窿形态可明显影响基托的变形值,凹型基托较平型及尖型基托在边缘封闭区有较小的背离支持组织变形值,在切牙乳突区有较大的压向支持组织变形值。Objective： To study the deformation of maxillary complete denture and the influence of different palatal vault shape、cusp inclinations and loading conditions on the deformation.Methods： In order to obtain the deformation value on the smooth side and multicolor picture of 3-D finite element model,three-D finite element model of maxillary complete dentures were loaded with three different palatal vault shape and 0°,20°,30° cusp inclinations according to 3-D finite element method.Result： Under bilateral posterior teeth loading,there were deviate deformation in buccal flange area and thrust deformation in incisive papilla area,labial frenum notch area and posterior palatal seal area,which increased with the increase of cusp inclination.Under full teeth loading,there were deviate deformation in buccal flange area and thrust deformation in incisive papilla area,whose directions were different with different cusp inclinations.Cusp inclination increasing could increase the deformation value in incisive papilla area.Under unilateral posterior teeth loading,there were deviate deformation in posterior palatal seal area and thrust deformation in incisive papilla area.Cusp inclination increasing could make the deformation value in incisive papilla area and posterior palatal seal area increase.Under bilateral posterior teeth loading and full teeth loading,there were smaller deviate deformation in deep shape denture base than in torus palatinus denture base and medium denture base,but there were larger thrust deformation（in incisive papilla area and posterior palatal seal area） in deep shape denture base than in torus palatinus denture base and medium denture base.Under unilateral posterior teeth loading,there were lower deviate deformation（in buccal flange area of the same side） in deep shape denture base than in torus palatinus denture base and medium denture base,but there were higher thrust deformation（in incisive papilla area） in deep shape denture base than in torus palatinus denture base and medium

关 键 词：上颌半口义齿 变形 加载方式 牙尖斜度 腭穹窿形态 三维有限元 

分 类 号：R783[医药卫生—口腔医学]