蝗虫微孢子虫在蝗群中的扩散规律及其复合剂的应用研究  

Spreading Dynamicsof Nosema Locustae in Locusta Population and Application Research of its Preparation

作　　者：李韬[1] 巩爱歧[1] 骆海强[1] 李卫民[1] 张生合[1] 王孝发[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省草原总站,810008

出　　处：《青海草业》1997年第4期1-6,共6页Qinghai Prataculture

摘　　要：青海草地应用NosemaLocustae灭蝗，隔代遗传及越年扩散传播性能很强，对蝗虫种群数量有极为理想的控制效果。在施药后二年、四年、六年、八年的防区测定表明，蝗虫虫口密度均在防治标准以下，防区外500米处≤4．55头／m2，1000米处≤5．40头／m2、2000米处≤10．07头／m2；N．L灭蝗面积在3333．3—13333．3hm2范围内，均可收到规模效益，对蝗虫有较高的感染率，防区外500米处为10—35％、1000米处为3—51％、2000米处为0—24．5％，且有施药年限越近、感染率越高的规律；N．L扩散距离和速率与防区气流活动强度、雨量、空气湿度呈正相关。在蝗虫高密度地区，N．L标准液7．5ml／hm2剂量与5％卡死克水悬液（IGR）75ml／hm2剂量按1：1隔带喷施，校正虫口减退率为75．01％，残虫感染率为89．67％；同一剂量，二者施用前混合后喷洒，校正虫口减退率为76．36％，残虫感染率为60％。同时N．L复合剂显示了对蝗蝻良好的滞育性能，秋末蝗虫残虫中尚有42—46％的蝗蝻因完不成发育阶段，丧失了生殖后代的能力。When Nosema L0custae (N. L ) was used to control Locusta population,there were strong interval-generation inheriting of N. L and perannially spr-eading in Locusta, So it can be used in a preparation as a perfect pesticidein controlling, 2. 4. 6 and 8 years after the applscation of the preparation inthe test area the locusta population was still metting the controlling standar-ds: In the sp0ts 500m, 1000m and 2000m away froni the test area,populationdensities were less than 4. 55/m2, 5. 40/m2 and 10. 7/m2 resp. and infection ra-ter in locustawere 10-35%, 3-51% and 0-24. 5% resp .The infection rate we-re declining following the years passing after administrating .The N. L spread-ing speed and infection rate were influnced by air cnrrent, rainfall,humicli-ty and showed positive correlation with these three factors.In the area with high locusta population density, N. L standard prepara-tion in 7. 5ml/hm2 and Cascade(I. G. R)undiluted preparation in 75ml/hm2were spread in interval stripe lands with same size one by one to control loc-usta, A rivision insect reduced rate got was 75. 01%, and infection rate forsurviving insect was 89. 67%, when the two prepations were mixed before spr-iading the revision insect redllced rate and infection for rate suryivinginsect were 76. 36%, and 60% resp. preparations with N. L also showed clearinhibiting effection on the locusta growing and developing. At the end ofAutumn 42-46% of the surviying locusta could not get matured and lost rep-roducti on ability.

关 键 词：蝗虫微孢子虫 卡死克 虫口减退率 感染率 扩散规律 滞育 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]