东北山区主要造林树种适生立地条件研究  

ADAPTABLE SITE STUDIES OF SOME MAIN SILVICULTURAL TREES IN NORTHEAST MOUNTAIN AREA

作　　者：李俊清[1] 周晓峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》1991年第S1期1-8,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

摘　　要：本文研究了东北山区6个主要造林树种的高生长及其与所处的立地关系,分析了不同地形部位的温度、土壤水分和养分的变动规律,以及树种的适生条件。山地逆温现象使正常的温度梯度发生改变。山下气温低、土壤湿度高、积水多。喜肥喜排水良好的红松、黄波罗和紫椴等树种生长不良,只适宜于落叶松和胡桃楸生长。山中部的沟谷除气温较高外,其它条件与山下类似,适宜不耐寒的水曲柳生长。山中部气温高,土壤肥沃排水良好,最适宜红松生长。山上部除海拔较高外,其它各立地因子均比山中部差,适宜黄波罗生长,不过山中和上部也是椴树较适宜的立地条件。这6个树种不但在生态特性上,而且在营养状况上与其较适宜的立地条件相适应。落叶松和水曲柳分布于不同立地的原因主要是逆温使水曲柳在山下部生长不良,否则二者混交有营养互利作用,在其它无逆温地区应提倡发展二树种的混交林。This paper studied the relationship between height growth of 6 main silvicultural trees and their sites in the northeast mountain area of China. The changes and properties of temperature, soil moisture and nutrient content at different site, as well as the suitable environmental conditions for the trees have been fully discussed. The occurrence of temperature inversion leads to the departure of normal temperature gradient. The lower air temperature, high soil moisture and lower nutrient content in upper layer of the soil are the key factors that suit the growth of Larix gmelinii and Juglans mandshurica,not other species in the lower mountain position. Ditch has almost the same environmental condition except the relatively high air temperature in which Fraxinus mandshurica can grows well. Middle mountain position is characterized by high air temperature, nutrient-rich and well-dis-charged soil conditions in which Pinus korainsis is adaptable. Comparied with it, upper mountain position is poorer, but Phellodendron amurense can tolerate the habitat quite well. Tilia amurense may grow normaly in either position of the above two site. Those species are able to grow well in their adapted site, because not only their ecological properties, but also their nutritional status are coordinated with the environmental conditions.

关 键 词：逆温 立地 营养 生长 

分 类 号：S7[农业科学—林学]