“设官为民”的官民关系论  

On the Relationship between Officials and Ordinary People:Setting UpOfficial Positions for the Benefit of the People

作　　者：张分田[1] 商爱玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学中国社会史研究中心,天津300071

出　　处：《齐鲁学刊》2011年第6期61-65,共5页Qilu Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"统治思想视野的中国传统理想政治模式理论研究"(08BZS003)

摘　　要："设官为民"是中国传统政治思想视阈中最为典型的官民关系命题和官僚制度的基本原理。这一命题的基本思路是:从官僚产生的形上依据来说,上天爱民,设官代天牧民;从官僚权力的直接来源说,君不独治,设官佐君治民;从设官的社会根源说,民不自治,设官以治民;从君臣的政治责任角度说,君臣合道,设官为民事君;从君、臣、民的政治关系来说,忠君爱民,清正廉洁勤政有为是基本的官僚规范。对"设官为民"的官民关系进行总体分析和理论概括,将有助于我们全面认识中国古代统治思想的基本内涵和特征。From the view of traditional political thoughts of China, ＂setting up official positions for the benefit of the people＂ is the most typical proposition on the relationship between officials and the people, which is also the basic principle of bureaucratic system. The basic ideas ： The met principle foundation of bureaucrat is that God loves his people, and sets up officials to herd them ; The direct source of bureaucratic authority is that the monarch sets up officials to assist himself rather than on his own governance ; The social roots of setting up officials is that people can＇ t realize autonomy, officials are used to govern them ; The political liability is that officials are used to drive people tO serve the monarch; The political relations among the monarch, officials and common people is that officials must he loyal to the monarch and love the people, be honest and diligent, which are all ground bureaucratic rules. The overall analysis and theoretical generalization of this proposition is helpful, by which we can fully understand the basic content and features of ruling ideas in Ancient China.

关 键 词：设官为民 官民关系 君臣合道 忠君爱民 统治思想 

分 类 号：K203[历史地理—历史学]