牧草轮作对奶牛场污水氮、磷的净化效果研究  

Effect of herbage rotation on nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency in the wetland treating dairy farm wastewater

作　　者：颜明娟[1] 方志坚[1] 翁伯琦[1] 林诚[1] 张辉[1] 陈子聪[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农科院土壤肥料研究所,福建福州350013

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2011年第10期1540-1546,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2008J0119)

摘　　要：以土壤为基质,选择象草（Pennisetum purpureum）和黑麦草（Lolium perenne）两种牧草作为植被模拟人工湿地净化系统,研究牧草全年轮作在间歇流人工湿地中对奶牛场高质量浓度污水的适应性及对污水氮、磷的净化效果。结果表明：象草、黑麦草在间歇性高质量浓度污水中生长良好,可作为畜牧场高质量浓度污水修复植物进行全年轮作,并适时的收割,去除污水中的氮、磷。在不同污水质量浓度处理的牧草净化系统中,水力停留时间为8 d的条件下,铵氮的去除率为75.9%~94.9%;硝态氮的去除率为65.4%~90.9%;总氮的去除率64.2%~90.1%;总磷的去除率在90%以上;象草和黑麦草对污水中氮、磷的吸收转化在系统对氮磷净化中的贡献率平均分别为氮25.12%和20.03%、磷31.20%和20.42%;各处理氮、磷的去除效果与污水的质量浓度呈负相关。In order to study effects of herbage rotation on nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency in an intermittent surface flow artificial wetland treatment system,a wetland was constructed using a soil as the substrate and being planted with napiergrass（Pennisetum purpureum） and ryegrass（Lolium perenne） as the vegetation.The adaptability of the two plants towards high-concentration wastewater was also investigated.Results showed that napiergrass and ryegrass grew very well under the experimental conditions,they were suitable to be rotated in the high-concentration wetland system to remove N and P if they are timely reaped.Removal efficiencies for ammonia,nitrate and total-N were 75.9-94.9%,65.4-90.9%,64.2-90.1% respectively,with a hydrological retention time（HRT） of 8 days,and the total P removal was up to 90% with different wastewater concentrations.The contribution rate of N absorbed by plants to the total N removal was 25.12% and 20.03% respectively for napiergrass and ryegrass,and that of P was respectively 31.20% and 20.42%,meaning napiergrass is superior to ryegrass.Negative correlations between the removal efficiency and the wastewater concentration were found for N and P.

关 键 词：象草 黑麦草 奶牛场污水 氮 磷 净化效果 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]