不同脂肪源对异育银鲫的生长、体组成和肌肉脂肪酸的影响  

DIETARY LIPID SOURCES FOR GIBEL CARP CARASSIUS AURATUS GIBELIO:GROWTH PERFORMANCE,TISSUE COMPOSITION AND MUSCLE FATTY ACID PROFILES

作　　者：陈家林[1,2] 韩冬[1] 朱晓鸣[1] 杨云霞[1] 解绶启[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]上海高校E-研究院,上海200025

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2011年第6期988-997,共10页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家973计划(2009CB118702);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-46-19);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003020)资助

摘　　要：配制了十种等氮等能的饲料饲喂3.53 g的异育银鲫幼鱼12周,探讨异育银鲫对不同脂肪源的利用效果。十种饲料中分别添加8%的鱼油(FO)、椰子油(CNO)、玉米油(CO)、亚麻油(LO)、大豆油(SO)、菜籽油(RO)、1∶1鱼油-椰子油(FCNO)、1∶1鱼油-玉米油(FCO)、1∶1鱼油-亚麻油(FLO)和1∶1∶1∶1鱼油-椰子油-玉米油-亚麻油混合油(MIX)。每组饲料三个平行,每个平行30尾。实验在循环水养殖系统中进行,水温控制在(24±1)℃。结果表明,在单一脂肪源中,豆油组和椰子油组的增重率最高,其次是菜籽油组,鱼油、玉米油和亚麻油组的增重率最低。与相应的单一脂肪源相比,饲料中鱼油与椰子油、玉米油或亚麻油1∶1混合后使用提高了异育银鲫的生长。摄食不同脂肪源饲料的异育银鲫血清生化指标、各组织的水分和脂肪含量差异不明显(P>0.05)。肌肉脂肪酸与饲料脂肪源呈明显正相关。摄食豆油和菜籽油饲料的鱼体肌肉中20:4n-6较高,而摄食亚麻油饲料的鱼则含有较高的20:5n-3和22:6n-3,表明异育银鲫具有转化18:2n-6和18:3n-3为高不饱和脂肪酸的能力。从实验可以看出,豆油、椰子油和菜籽油是异育银鲫饲料中良好的脂肪源。A 12-week growth trial was conducted with juvenile gibel carp(Carassius auratus gibelio) to evaluate their ability by utilize different dietary lipids.Ten diets were supplemented with 8% of either fish oil(FO),coconut oil(CNO),corn oil(CO),linseed oil(LO),soybean oil(SO),rapeseed oil(RO),1∶1 fish oil-coconut oil(FCNO),1∶1 fish oil-corn oil(FCO),1∶1 fish oil-linseed oil(FLO) or 1∶1∶1∶1 fish-coconut-corn-linseed oil mixture(MIX).Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish(initial weight: 3.53 g,30 ini.) in a recirculation system at(24±1) ℃.Weight gain were the highest in SO and CNO group,followed RO and the lowest in FO,CO and LO group,when used as a single lipid source.Compared to total replacement of fish oil,coconut oil,corn oil or linseed oil substitute 50% fish oil led to a higher weight gain,respectively.Neither the plasma biochemistry nor the lipid and moisture contents in different tissues of gibel carp showed significant difference between groups(P>0.05).Fatty acid composition of muscle in fish generally reflected the composition of the diet.Fish fed CO and SO had higher 20:4n-6,while relative higher 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 was detected in fish fed LO.These results suggested that gibel carp had ability to desaturate and elongate 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 to highly unsaturated fatty acid.In conclusion,soybean oil,coconut oil and rapeseed oil were good alternative lipid sources for gibel carp.

关 键 词：异育银鲫 脂肪源 生长 肌肉脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S965.117[农业科学—水产养殖]