高速列车制动盘瞬态温度和热应力分布仿真分析  

Analysis of Transient Temperature and Thermal Stress Distribution on the High-speed Strain Brake Disk by Simulation

作　　者：周素霞[1] 杨月[2] 谢基龙[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑工程学院机电与汽车工程学院,北京100044 [2]北汽福田汽车工程研究院整车性能中心,北京102206 [3]北京交通大学轨道车辆结构可靠性与运用检测技术教育部工程研究中心,北京100044

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2011年第22期126-131,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：北京建筑工程学院科研基金资助项目

摘　　要：制动盘的热疲劳损伤是当前列车安全制动的主要威胁。制动过程中的瞬态温度和热应力分布是热疲劳损伤研究的基础。通过建立制动盘无内热源的三维温度场分布的数学计算模型,采用热弹塑性有限元法,利用摩擦功率法计算温度场载荷,仿真不同制动工况下制动盘摩擦热负荷产生的温度场以及热应力分布。主要计算一次常用制动、一次紧急制动、三次紧急制动和一次坡道制动这4种制动工况。通过仿真分析发现,不同工况下制动盘面的温度变化有着相似的规律。制动开始阶段,随着强热流的不断输入,盘面在很短时间内迅速升温,很快达到峰值点。随后,盘体逐渐通过辐射和对流的方式散热,温度缓慢下降。相对紧急制动和常用制动的升温过程,坡道制动的升温显得缓慢一些。研究不同工况下制动盘温度和热应力的变化和分布规律,为高速列车复合材料制动盘的热疲劳性能评价提供依据。At present the thermal fatigue damage of brake disks is the main threaten of train brake safety.The transient temperature and thermal stress distribution on the disk during the braking are the basis for research on the thermal fatigue damage.In order to simulate the temperature field and thermal stress distribution from the thermal load caused by the friction during braking under different conditions,the math model of 3D temperature field without inside thermal source of the brake disc is built and the thermal elastic-plastic finite element method is used.At the same time,the temperature field load is calculated with fiction power method and the brake cases are one time usual brake,one time emergent brake,three times emergent brake and one time ramp brake respectively.It is shown that the temperature change rules on the brake disk surfaces are similar under different cases.At the beginning of brake the temperature rises fast with the strong thermal flow inputting and reaches peak value.Then the temperature decreases slowly through radiation and convection.The temperature during the ramp brake rises slower than the other cases.The temperature and thermal stress distributions of the brake disk can give the basis for the thermal fatigue properties study of the composite material used in high-speed train brake disc.

关 键 词：制动盘 温度场 热疲劳损伤 热弹塑性有限元 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]