土壤施硒对烤烟生理指标的影响  

Effects of selenium added to soil on physiological indexes in flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：许自成[1] 邵惠芳[1] 孙曙光 郑聪[1,3] 汪键 闫铁军 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,郑州450002 [2]湖北中烟工业公司,武汉430051 [3]福建省武夷山烟草分公司,武夷山354300

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第23期7179-7187,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：湖北省科技攻关项目(2006AA201C73)

摘　　要：以烤烟品种K326盆栽试验为基础,研究了不同浓度Se对烤烟生长过程中生理特性、烤烟叶片硒含量及硒积累速率的影响。结果表明:低浓度Se(≤8 mg/kg)对烤烟叶片中叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b和类胡萝卜素含量有促进作用,可提高烤烟叶片中SOD、POD活性;高浓度硒(≥12 mg/kg)降低了烤烟叶片SOD、POD活性,烟株生长受到抑制甚至死亡。在适宜的硒浓度范围内,烤烟MDA含量有所降低,缓解了膜脂的过氧化程度;POD活性随着生育期的延长而提高;烤烟生长前期的SOD活性高于后期;烤烟生长中期的MDA含量明显低于前期和后期。随着土壤中硒含量的增加,烤烟叶片中的硒含量逐渐递增,而硒在烤烟叶片中的积累速率呈现出先增高后降低的趋势。Selenium is an essential trace element for humans. It plays important roles in eliminating peroxide, thereby protecting cells from damage and delaying aging. Se also has significant effects on crop growth and quality; appropriate amounts of Se can enhance resistance, increase crop yields, and improve many quality attributes of crops. When supplied at the right concentrations, Se not only increases the growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco （ Nicotiana tobacum） , but also decreases the amount and toxicity of harmful substances in tobacco smoke, especially tar. Therefore, Se-rich tobacco may alleviate the harmful effects of smoking on the body by suppressing tumors. The aim of these experiments was to produce Se- rich tobacco leaves, which have the potential to improve the safety of tobacco raw materials. We tested the effects of Se on flue-cured tobacco （variety K326） grown in pots. Se was added to soil at seven different concentrations; 0, 2, 5, 8, 12, 16, and 24 mg Se/kg soil. We evaluated the physiological properties, Se content, and Se accumulation rate of tobacco during the growing stage. The results showed that increasing concentrations of Se in the soil were associated with greater growth inhibition or even death of tobacco plants. At concentrations of Se less than 8 mg/kg soil, the survival rates of tobacco were 100%. In contrast, at Se concentrations of 12, 16, and 24 mg/kg soil, the survival rate of tobacco plants was 81.25, 75, and 56.25% , respectively. At low concentrations （〈12 mg Se/kg soil）, Se promoted tobacco growth and resulted in greater accumulation of above- and below-ground dry matter, compared with those of the control （P〈0.05）. At higher concentrations （ 〉16 mg Se/kg soil）, Se resulted in decreased dry matter compared with the control （ P〈0.05 ）. These results demonstrated that Se satisfies the Bertrand biological dose law, in that low concentrations promoted plant growth while high concentrations had an inhibitory effect. Low concentrations of Se （≤ 8

关 键 词：硒 烤烟 生理特性 土壤 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]