孤东油田稠油极性四组分测定方法及其乳化特性研究  

STUDY ON MEASURING METHOD OF POLARITY FOUR COMPONENTS AND EMULSIFICATION PROPERTIES FOR HEAVY OIL IN GUDONG OILFIELD

作　　者：李春山[1,2] 孙卫[1] 蒋官澄[3] 谢水祥[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室地质学系 [2]中国石油大学石油工程学院 [3]中国石油大学石油天然气工程学院

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2011年第6期74-78,10,共5页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2008ZX05013-002)

摘　　要：稠油油藏高效、经济的开发一直是油田企业研究的技术难题之一,胜利孤东油田稠油油藏由于其胶质、沥青质含量均高于国内主要稠油平均值,有其特殊性,开采难度也更大。文章通过大量室内实验,确定了稠油极性四组分(饱和分、芳香分、胶质、沥青质)的测定方法和分离方法,并采用元素分析、红外光谱分析等手段深入研究了稠油极性四组分的乳化特性、乳化剂对四组分乳化特性的影响。研究结果表明,孤东稠油极性四组分乳状液稳定性次序为饱和分<沥青质<芳香分<胶质<原油,原油中胶质与沥青质分子通过氢键形成的缔合,对原油的黏度有重要影响。乳化剂OP对稠油极性四组分均具有强烈的乳化促进作用,使W/O型乳状液转变为O/W型,达到了乳化降黏效果。The high efficiency and economic explortion of heavy oil reservoirs have been technical problems in some oilfields. The heavy oil reservoirs in Gudong oil field is much more difficult to explore for its resin and asphaltene content which were higher than the average of the major domestic heavy oil. And it has its own specificity. The determination method and separation method of the polarity four component of heavy oil (saturates, aromatics, resin and asphaltene) were determined by a large number of indoor experiments. The emulsifying properties of the four components and the effect of emulsifiers were studied by using elemental analysis and infrared spectrum. The results showed that the stability of emulsion solution for the polarity four component of heavy oil was ordered, that is saturation points, 'asphaltenes', 'aromatics ', 'glial' and 'crude oil' in Gudong oil field. The association of resin and asphaltene molecules by hydrogen bonds in crude oil has an important influence on the viscosity of crude oil. OP emulsifier and polarity four component of heavy oil all had a strong catalytic role in emulsification. It could change W / O type emulsion into O/W type and reduce the viscosity of emulsion.

关 键 词：稠油 极性四组分 测定方法 乳化特性 降黏 

分 类 号：TE345[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]