华南泥盆纪遗迹化石及遗迹相  

The Devonian trace fossils and ichnofacies from South China

作　　者：张立军[1,2] 龚一鸣[1] 马会珍 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [2]School of Life and Environment,Deakin University,Melbourne Campus,Victoria3125,Australia [3]贵州省地质调查院,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《古地理学报》2011年第4期397-418,共22页Journal of Palaeogeography：Chinese Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:40872001;41072252和40921062);<科技导报>"博士生创新研究资助计划"项目(编号:kjdb200902-8);"111"项目(编号:B08030);河南省生物遗迹与成矿过程重点实验室开放基金项目(编号:OTMP1001)联合资助

摘　　要：通过对华南泥盆系6条剖面(四川北川甘溪、广西横县六景、广西桂林杨堤、贵州独山大河口-白虎坡、贵州贵阳乌当、四川广元后高坪)的遗迹沉积学系统研究,鉴定和描述遗迹化石15属24种,包括Arenicolites carbonaria,Arenicolites isp.,Chondrites cf.intricatus,Chondrites fenxiangensis,Chondrites filifalx,Chon-drites isp.,Chondrites maqianensis,Circulichnis isp.,Dushanichnus dahekouensis,Diplocraterion parallelum,Rusophy-cus lungmenshanensis,?Helminthopsis isp.,Palaeophycus tubularis,Palaeophycus curvatus,Phycodes palmatus,Planol-ites beverleyensis,Planolites isp.,Planolites kwangsiensis,Rosselia socialis,Rhizocorallium jenense,Rhizocorallium isp.,Skolithos linearis,Thalassinoides isp.,Zoophycos isp.。根据遗迹化石之间的共生组合关系、实体化石特征和其他相标志,识别出4种遗迹相:Skolithos,Rhizocorallium,Cruziana和Zoophycos遗迹相。Skolithos遗迹相主要发育于浪控型海岸体系、潮控型海岸体系和障壁岛-潟湖沉积体系的高能沉积区;Rhizocorallium遗迹相主要发育于潮控型海岸体系和障壁岛-潟湖沉积体系的低能沉积区;Cruziana遗迹相发育在浅海陆棚、具有丰富的生物及食物的砂泥岩和灰岩为主的低能沉积区;Zoophycos遗迹相沿泥岩和泥灰岩发育的滨外沉积区分布。华南泥盆纪遗迹相从早泥盆世到晚泥盆世的演替规律是从Skolithos遗迹相→Rhizocorallium遗迹相→Cruziana遗迹相→Zoophycos遗迹相→Rhizocorallium遗迹相。早泥盆世晚期以后华南泥盆纪同时期的遗迹相自西南向东北的空间变化规律则表现为Zoophycos遗迹相→Cruziana遗迹相→Rhizocorallium遗迹相→Skolithos遗迹相。Fifteeen ichnogenera and twenty-four ichnospecies were recognized on the basis of de- tailed ichnosedimentology studies of six Devonian sections from South China. They included Arenicolites carbonaria , Arenicolites isp., Chondries cf. intricatus , Chondrites fenxiangensis , Chondrites filifalx , Chondrites isp., Chondrites maqianensis , Circulichnis isp., Dushanichnus dahekouensis , Diplocraterion parallelum, Rusophycus lungmenshanensis, ？Helminthopsis isp., Palaeophycus tubularis, Palaeophycus curvatus , Phycodes palmatus , Planolites beverleyensis , Planolites isp., Planolites kwangsiensis , Rosselia so- cialis , Rhizocorallium jenense , Rhizocorallium isp., Skolithos linearis , Thalassinoides isp., Zoophycus isp.. These trace fossils can be grouped into four ichnofacies of Skolithos, Rhizocorallium, Cruziana, Zoophy- cos ichnofacies in terms of body fossils and other facies indicators. Skolithos, Rhizocorallium, Cruziana and Zoophycos ichnofacies indicated tidal fiat and barrier island-lagoon environments, intertidal-subtidal zones, upper-middle neritic shelf and lower neritic-bathyal environments, respectively. From the Early to Late Devonian, the replacement of ichnofacies was from Skolithos ichnofacies→ Rhizocorallium ichnofacies Cruziana ichnofacies→Zoophycos ichnofacies→ Rhizocorallium ichnofacies.

关 键 词：遗迹化石 遗迹相 泥盆纪 古环境 华南 

分 类 号：Q911.28[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]