留守与非留守儿童生活事件与应对方式比较  

Comparative Study of Coping Styles and Life Events between Left-Behind Children and Non-Left-Behind Children

作　　者：刘晓慧[1] 李秋丽[2] 王晓娟[3] 杨玉岩[3] 哈丽娜[4] 戴秀英[3] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学护理学院基础护理系,银川750004 [2]宁夏医科大学临床学院医学心理系,银川750004 [3]宁夏医科大学研究生学院,银川750004 [4]宁夏医科大学检验学院,银川750004

出　　处：《实用儿科临床杂志》2011年第23期1810-1812,共3页Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAI07A07)

摘　　要：目的比较留守与非留守儿童心理压力源和应对方式的差异,为心理干预提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样法抽取宁夏某县2所中学12～16岁学生440人。其中留守儿童205名,非留守儿童235名。采用生活事件量表和应对方式量表进行调查。结果 1.留守儿童与非留守儿童近1 a内遭遇的生活事件发生频度前10位的事件中8个事件是相同的。不同事件有家庭施加学习压力、家庭内部有矛盾、学习负担重、升学压力。考试失败或成绩不理想发生频度最高。2.人际关系、受惩罚、健康适应、其他的得分留守儿童均高于非留守儿童(Pa<0.01)。3.解决问题、退避、发泄、忍耐4个因子的得分留守儿童均高于非留守儿童,其中退避因子经t检验差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);求助和幻想因子的得分为留守儿童低于非留守儿童,其中求助因子经t检验差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。4.留守儿童人际关系、丧失、其他、健康适应与解决问题、退避、发泄、幻想、忍耐因子均呈负相关;学习压力、受惩罚与解决问题、求助、退避、发泄、幻想、忍耐因子均呈正相关。非留守儿童人际关系、学习压力、受惩罚、健康适应、其他与求助因子均呈负相关;学习压力、受惩罚、丧失与解决问题、退避、发泄、幻想、忍耐因子均呈正相关。结论成熟型应对方式能够缓冲生活事件带来的不良影响,对留守儿童的心理健康起到一定保护作用。在面对各种生活事件时,他们需要应对方式的指导和帮助。尽量缩短孩子和父母的心理距离,及时对孩子的心理问题加以关注和指导。Objective To compare the differences of coping styles and life events between left-behind children and non-left-behind children,and to provide evidences for psychological intervention. Methods The method of cohort stratified random sampling was adopted and 440 students aged 12 to 16 years old from two junior middle school in a city of Ningxia were selected.Among them,205 children were left-behind children and 235 children were non-left-behind children.All of them were investigated with Adolescents Self-Rating Life Event Check List（ASLEC） and Coping Style Questionnaire. Results 1.There were 8 same events in the top ten occurred frequency events of left-behind children and non-left-behind children in the last year.The different events were the pressure of study from family,internal conflict of family,heavy burden of study and pressures upon their schoolwork.The frequency of the life event of failure in the examation or undesirable results was the highest among all events.2.Interpersonal relationship,punishment,health adaptation and other four factors for left-behind children scored higher than those of the non-left-behind children（Pa0.01）.3.Problem solving,retreats,vent,patience four factors for left-behind children scored higher than those of the non-left-behind children,the differences of the factor retreats was statistically significant by t test（P〈0.01）.Seeking help and fantasy two factors for left-behind children scored lower than those of the non-left-behind children,the differences of the factor seeking help was statistically significant by t test（P〈0.01）.4.For left-behind children,there were negative correlations between the factors interpersonal relationship,loss,other,health adaptation and problem solving,retreats,vent,fantasy,patience;there were approximately positive correlations between the factors pressure of study,punishment and problem solving,seeking help,retreats,vent,fantasy,patience.For non-left-behind children,there were negative correlations between the factors interpersona

关 键 词：生活事件 应对方式 留守儿童 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]