水生花卉对铜绿微囊藻、斜生栅藻和小球藻生长的影响  

Effects of hydrophytes on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa,Scenedesmus obliqnus and Chlorella vulgaris

作　　者：田如男[1,2] 孙欣欣[1] 魏勇[3] 王守攻[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院,南京210037 [2]南京大学医药生物技术国家重点实验室,南京210093 [3]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,南京210037

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第12期2732-2738,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30972408)资助

摘　　要：选择黄菖蒲(Iris pseudacorus)、溪荪(I.sanguinea)、梭鱼草(Pontederia cordata)、白花水龙(Jussiaea repens)、水罂粟(Hydrocleys nymphoides)和大薸(Pistia stratiotes)6种具有较高观赏价值的水生花卉,通过将植物种植水与藻类共同培养的方式研究了不同种植时间的种植水对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)、斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliqnus)和小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)生长的影响。结果表明:6种水生花卉种植水对3种藻类的化感作用具有选择性。通过6d的处理,种植水对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制率为31.22%～96.53%,除白花水龙外,其余5种花卉的种植水对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制率均超过70%,表现出很好的抑藻效果;种植水对斜生栅藻生长的抑制率为23.15%～77.25%;而种植水对小球藻有抑制也有促进,抑制率为-26.07%～75.70%,大薸、梭鱼草和溪荪抑制小球藻的生长,黄菖蒲、白花水龙表现为低促高抑,水罂粟表现为促进作用。随着种植时间的延长,种植水对3种藻类的抑制作用增强。6种水生花卉种植水对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制作用由大到小依次为水罂粟>黄菖蒲>梭鱼草>大薸>溪荪>白花水龙;对斜生栅藻生长的抑制作用由大到小依次为梭鱼草>溪荪>黄菖蒲>水罂粟>白花水龙>大薸;对小球藻生长的抑制作用由大到小依次为大薸>梭鱼草>溪荪>黄菖蒲、白花水龙>水罂粟。试验表明,6种水生花卉在控制城市景观水体中的藻类水华有一定的推广价值。Microcystis aeruginosa,Scenedesmus obliqnus and Chlorella vulgaris were cultured in the cultured water of six beauty hydrophyte species（Iris pseudacorus,I.sanguinea,Pontederia cordata,Jussiaea repens,Hydrocleys nymphoides,and Pistia stratiotes） to study the effects of the cultured water on the growth of the three algae species.The results showed that the cultured water of the six hydrophyte species had selective allelopathy on the three algae species,showing strong inhibiting effect on both M.aeruginosa and S.obliqnus.After culturing for six days,the inhibiting rate of the cultured water of the six hydrophyte species on the growth of M.aeruginosa was 31.22%-96.53%,and,except for J.repens,the cultured water of the other five hydrophyte species had an inhibiting rate exceeding 70%.The inhibiting rate of the cultured water of the six hydrophyte species on the growth of S.obliqnus was 23.15%-77.25%,and that on the growth of C.vulgaris ranged from-26.07% to 75.70%.The cultured water of P.stratiotes,P.cordata,and I.sanguinea had stronger inhibiting effect on the growth of C.vulgaris,but the cultured water of I.pseudacorus and J.repens promoted the C.vulgaris growth at lower concentration while inhibited the C.vulgaris growth at higher concentration.The cultured water of H.nymphoides promoted the growth of C.vulgaris.The inhibiting effect of the cultured water on the growth of the three algae species increased with increasing culture time.The inhibiting effect of the cultured water of the six hydrophytes on the growth of M.aeruginosa was in the sequence of H.nymphoidesI.pseudacorusP.cordataP.stratiotesI.sanguineaJ.repens,that on the growth of S.obliqnus was P.cordataI.sanguineaI.pseudacorusH.nymphoidesJ.repensP.stratiotes,and the inhibiting effect on the growth of C.vulgaris was P.stratiotesP.cordataI.sanguineaI.pseudacorus,J.repensH.nymphoides.The results indicated that the test six hydrophyte species had definite extension significance in controlling the algal bloom in landscape water body in urban area.

关 键 词：水生花卉 铜绿微囊藻 斜生栅藻 小球藻 抑制效应 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]