复合肥对花背蟾蜍蝌蚪红细胞微核及核异常的影响  

Toxicity effects of compound fertilizer on erythrocytes micronuclei and nuclear anomalies of Bufo raddei tadpoles

作　　者：王懿[1] 李丕鹏[1] 陆宇燕[1] 代辰飞[2] 王勇[1] 杨皓月[1] 马媛媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学辽宁省生物进化与生物多样性实验室,沈阳师范大学两栖爬行动物研究所,沈阳110034 [2]中国医科大学,沈阳110001

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第12期2843-2848,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30470206和30870276);辽宁省优秀人才支持计划;教育厅科研项目资助

摘　　要：以花背蟾蜍蝌蚪外周血红细胞微核及核异常作为毒理监测指标,对Gosner31、42和46期蝌蚪进行观察,研究了复合肥对水生生物的毒性效应。结果表明:用复合肥溶液浓度为1、1.5、2、2.5和3g·L-1进行染毒时,红细胞出现了大、小2种类型的微核,在核异常类型中出现了严重的核分叶和双核类型;在3个被观察的蝌蚪发育期中,42期蝌蚪红细胞微核细胞率和核异常细胞率数值明显低于其他两个发育期;在5个浓度的染毒中,2.5g·L-1浓度组在微核、双核和核分叶与对照组间无显著性差异;花背蟾蜍不同发育时期的蝌蚪,对生境中不良因素的抵抗能力存在着明显的差别,且微核和核异常与复合肥浓度之间没有明显的剂量-效应关系。In order to understand the toxicity effect of compound fertilizer on aquatic organisms,the erythrocytes of Bufo raddei tadpoles at Gosner stages 31,42 and 46 were taken as the test materials to observe their micronuclei and nuclear anomalies under effects of compound fertilizer.When exposed to the compound fertilizer at concentrations of 1,1.5,2,2.5 and 3 g·L-1,two types of micronuclei,a big one and a small one,appeared in the erythrocytes of the tadpoles,and in the nuclear anomalies,serious nuclear lobulation and double-nuclei appeared.The frequencies of appearing micronuclei and nuclear anomalies were obviously lower at stage 42 than at stages 31 and 46.Among the five experimental groups,the group exposed to 2.5 g·L-1 of compound fertilizer had no significant differences in the micronucleus,double-nucleus,and nuclear lobulation with the control group.The results suggested that the tadpoles at their different development stages had obvious difference in resisting the adverse factors in habitats,and no obvious dose-effect correlation existed between the micronuclei and nuclear anomalies and the concentration of compound fertilizer.

关 键 词：复合肥 花背蟾蜍蝌蚪 微核 核异常 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]