低危晚期早产儿学龄前期认知和视觉运动整和能力研究  

Cognitive and visual-motor integration performance in low-risk late preterm preschoolers

作　　者：冯菁菁[1] 徐秀[1] 郭书娟[1] 王卫平[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属儿科医院儿童保健科,上海201102

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2011年第12期1080-1083,共4页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：上海市教委0~3岁高危儿社区早教指导服务研究(B07048)

摘　　要：【目的】探究学龄前期低危晚期早产儿认知发育状态和视觉-运动整合能力,比较其与同龄正常儿童的差异,为实施针对性干预方案提供依据。【方法】以上海-Wechsler学前及初学儿童智能测验量表和中国修订Beery视觉-运动整合测验工具评估69例学龄前期儿童(其中早产儿31例,正常足月儿38例)的智能和视觉运动整合能力。【结果】早产儿组的语言、操作和总智能分均值为:97±21、107±15、102±18;正常足月儿组依次为112±15、128±12、122±11。两组儿童智能虽处于平均水平,但早产儿组的认知能力远低于正常足月儿组(t=5.53,P<0.01),尤其在高级语言能力和操作能区上表现的更为薄弱。早产儿和正常足月儿组的视觉-运动整合能力均值分别为:88±16、109±18,两组间差异有高度统计学意义(t=4.93,P<0.01),且其差距较操作能区的差异还要大,达到了24%。将视觉-运动整合分值与总智商做相关分析发现,两者存在着正相关(r=0.6,P<0.05)。【结论】低危晚期学龄前期早产儿,虽具备正常认知能力,但仍较正常足月儿落后,尤其在高级语言功能和视觉感知运动方面,差距甚大。应在学龄前期对这类儿童加强随访评估,实施针对性干预措施。[Objective] To investigate low-risk late preterm preschoolers＇ cognitive and visual-motor integration per formanee and compare them to normal children. [Methods] Participants were 31 late preterm and 38 normal children who were 4 to 6 years old and were [ree from major disability. They were evaluated using the Chinese population adaptation of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence （WPPSI） and Berry visual motor integration kit （VMI）. [Results] The mean scores of VIQ, PIQ and FIQ in preterm and lull-term group were 97±21, 107±15, 102±18; 112±15, 128± 12, 122±11 respectively. Compared with normal children,the preterm preschoolers had significantly lower level in the tests of verbal, performance and overall intelligence quotients （P〈0.01）, particularly in higher-level verbal and performance function, although the levels were within the average range. The mean scores of VM1 in preterm and lull-term preschoolers were 88± 16 and 109± 18. The poor ability of VMI in preterm children had significantly 24% differenee with the control group, even worse than the performanee intelligence quotients. Furthermore, the VMI was positively correlated with the full intelligence quotients （r=0.6,P〈0.05）. [Conclusions] Low-risk late preterm preschoolers with average cognition capability still have poorer cognitive ability compared with the normal children. Moreover, they are at risk of defect in visual-spatial perception and higher-functional verbal capability. Detection specific visual perceptual and verbal dysfunction before school age, even in children with a low risk of mental and neurological problems could provide specific rehabilitative strategies to prevent learning and/or behavioral problems.

关 键 词：晚期早产儿 认知能力 视觉-运动整合 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]