“挑战”与“捍卫”之间——当代西方史学界对“史学危机”与“终结论”的回应  

Between 'Challenge' and 'Defend'——The respond of the present history science field to 'historic science crisis' and 'the Finalism'

作　　者：邓京力[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学历史学院,北京100089

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第6期110-116,共7页Journal of Zhengzhou University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究基金资助项目"历史学对后现代主义挑战的回应与分析"(项目批准号:09YJA770044)的阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：后现代主义对历史学的挑战是否预示着新一轮"史学危机"的来临,是否又意味着"历史学的终结"?它至少引发了当代西方史学思想的一次新震荡,并从理论层面波及到历史写作的实践领域,其影响甚至超出学术范畴,直达人们对社会历史的普遍认识。而所谓"历史学的终结"也并不意味着历史学科的消亡,仅仅意味着一场新的史学变革。西方主流史学家试图从历史学的多重特性、客观性的限度与历史事实的建构等几个相互联系的方面展开与后现代主义的论争,在回应挑战中捍卫历史学的合法性与谋求学科发展的新途径。尽管在现代与后现代史学之间仍然存在着深刻的理论分野,但它们似乎在尝试以某种方式共存,即融合现代与后现代的历史视角,一方面运用后现代主义的理论锋芒消解现代史学的顽疾与弊端,另一方面又以现代史学长期积累的经验体系来规训后现代意识中某些极端化的思想倾向。双方的相互交锋与激烈碰撞逐步演化为当代西方史学变迁的推动力,也预示着未来史学发展的可能性选择。Does the postmodernism's challenge to the history science pre-indicate the come of a new circle of challenge to the 'historic science crisis?' or again mean 'the end of historic science'? It at least causes a new shock in the present Western historic thinking and involves in the practical history writing field from the theoretic level,whose influence even goes beyond the academic field and directly reaches man's generally understanding the social history.While the so called 'the end of historic science' doesn't mean the death of the historic subject either,but it only means a new historic science change.The mainstream western historians try to develop the argument with the postmodernism from several interlinks,such as the limitation of the multiple features,objectivity of the history science and the construction of the history facts;meanwhile,defend the legality of the history science and seek the new way to the subject development in the course of responding to the challenge.Although there is deep theoretic difference between the modern and the post-modern historic sciences,yet it seems that they try to co-exist in certain forms,i.e.on the one hand applying the theoretic sharpness of the post-modernism to clear up the persistent ailments and disadvantages of the present historic science;on the other hand applying the experience system long accumulated by the modern history science to normalize some extreme thought tendency in the post-modern consciousness.The clash and collision of the both sides gradually evolution to the driving force for the change of the modern west historic science,as well as predict the possible choice of the historic science development.

关 键 词：后现代主义挑战 史学危机 终结论 捍卫历史学 历史事实. 

分 类 号：K03[历史地理—历史学]