企业自建牧场模式能否真正降低乳制品安全风险  

Will the Pattern of Self-constructed Pasture Reduce Security Risk of Dairy Products

作　　者：肖兴志[1] 王雅洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北财经大学产业组织与企业组织研究中心,辽宁大连116025

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2011年第12期133-142,共10页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：霍英东青年教师基金项目"转型期中国工作场所安全规制效果的实证研究"(批准号121082);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"中国战略性新兴产业发展理论与政策研究"(批准号10JJD790013);教育部人文社会科学项目"产权;竞争与规制:中国垄断产业改革次序优化研究"(批准号10YJA790204)

摘　　要：在乳制品安全事件频发的背景下,为降低乳制品安全风险,各大型乳制品企业纷纷自建牧场,以此推进乳业纵向一体化改革的模式得到迅速推广,并且已经成为部分乳制品企业吸引消费者的重要手段。然而本文研究却发现,这一模式并不能有效实现降低乳制品安全风险的目标。本文认为,产业链上下游主体间的利益脱节和加工企业对奶源的过度需求,是乳制品安全问题产生的两个组织结构根源,而企业自建牧场模式仅能对前者加以改进,却无法解决后者问题,甚至会加剧原料奶供需之间的矛盾。在此基础上,本文提出应将奶农—企业利润分成模式作为企业自建牧场模式的优化方案,并基于两种模式的对比论证,提出破解当前乳制品安全问题的有效模式和路径。Under the background of dairy products security incident happening frequently, many large dairy processing firms are establishing pasture in order to reduce the risk of dairy products safety. Then the pattern of firm establishing pasture gets rapidly promoted, as the major pattern of vertical integration reform in dairy industry and important strategy of large processing firms to attract consumers. However, this paper explores that the pattern cannot reduce the risk of dairy products safety. As this paper argues, the conflicts of interests between milk farmers and processing firms as well as the excessive demand for raw milk by processing firms are the two origins of the structure of the organization in dairy industry, which causes the problem of dairy products safety. Athougth the pattern of firm establishing pasture can resolve the conflict of interests, it will further increase the processing firms＇ excessive demand for raw milk. Based on the above analysis, this paper put forward the optimization pattern, that is, profit-sharing system between milk farmers and dairy processing finns, and then reveals the effective way to solve the problem of dairy products safety through comparing the expected results for the two pattern.

关 键 词：乳制品安全 纵向一体化 企业自建牧场模式 奶农-企业利润分成模式 

分 类 号：F425[经济管理—产业经济]