全球化中基于企业家创新的市场势力构建研究——以中国汽车产业为例  

Study of Market Power Building during Globalization Based on Entrepreneurial Innovation——Examples from Chinese Automobile Industry

作　　者：张小蒂[1] 贾钰哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学经济学院,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2011年第12期143-152,共10页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"全球化中我国企业创新与市场势力构建的互动研究"(批准号70873101);浙江省哲学社会科学重点基地重点项目"区域经济转型升级研究"(批准号REOD0901)

摘　　要：本文从技术、市场两个维度及其协同互动建立一个"三角形"的分析框架来探索以要素配置优化为特征的企业家创新在市场势力构建中的作用机理与途径,并运用汽车产业的相关数据对其进行实证分析。研究发现,企业知识产权获取与市场(尤其是中间品市场)的渠道控制能力提升是构建市场势力的重要途径,而企业家创新通过诸要素在多种新组合中的试错可实现经营绩效的显著提升与市场份额的有效扩大,从而超越单纯的技术创新。企业家在整合要素进行优化配置时可驾驭宏观经济周期,在经济低谷时期积极进行技术寻求型与市场拓展型的并购,提升研发成果的时效性;对高附加值中间品的核心技术环节加大研发投入,选择与自身资源禀赋及市场需求偏好相匹配的先进适宜技术,实现市场需求导向型的技术创新流程整合与再造;实施灵活多样的人才柔性引进策略,注重技术与市场两类专业人才的互补与协同,采取股权激励等方式实现企业家与这两类人才之间的"激励相容"。This paper tries to explore the operative mechanism of entrepreneurial innovation, which is characterized by factor optimal allocation, in market power building process by establishing a ＇triangle＇ framework on the basis of technology and market, as well as the collaborative interaction between these two dimensions, and employs statistics of auto industry for empirical analysis. The research finds out that acquirement of intellectual property rights and improvements of market channel control （especially the intermediate product market） are two important ways in market power building, and that enhancement of managing performance and market share can be achieved through the trail-and-error of different elements＇ new combinations in the entrepreneurial innovation process, thus exceeding what can be done by technological innovation alone. Entrepreneurs could take advantage of macroeconomic cycle in their elements allocation adjustment and optimization. When economy is down, technology- seeking and market-developing oriented mergers and acquisitions could improve the temporal efficacy of newly developed products. What is also advised include： greater R＆D investment on the core technology of intermediate product with high additional value, market-demand oriented remaking of technological innovation process by choosing advanced technology that are suitable for both their own element endowment and market demand preference, flexible talent introduction, paying attention to the complementary and collaborative interaction between technology and market specialists, applying, methods such as stock ownership incentive to realize ＇incentive compatibility＇ between these two kinds of talents and the entrepreneur.

关 键 词：企业家 创新 配置优化 市场势力 正反馈 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]