特殊环境增压柴油机燃烧特性计算  

Simulation on the Combustion Characteristics of Turbocharged Diesel Engine in the Special Environment

作　　者：路锋[1] 郭猛超[1] 

机构地区：[1]装甲兵工程学院机械工程系,北京100072

出　　处：《机床与液压》2011年第23期66-70,共5页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

摘　　要：基于Hiroyasu燃烧模型和Woschni传热模型建立具有环境适应性的增压柴油机工作过程模型,对额定功率点缸压曲线的试验值和计算结果进行对比。结果表明:最大爆压以及最大爆压所对应的曲轴转角的计算值和实测值的误差都在4.1%以内。在此基础上模拟某型坦克柴油机高原燃烧特性。通过调整喷油提前角改善高原燃烧过程。结果表明:海拔4 000 m和0 m相比,放热率重心最大拖后7℃A,瞬时放热率峰值最大降低0.009 kJ/℃A,缸内最大爆发压力降低1.6MPa,缸内平均温度峰值增加220℃以上;喷油提前角在平原最佳喷油提前角的基础上提前,缸内最大爆发压力可增大1.0MPa,最大瞬时燃烧放热率可增大0.008 kJ/℃A,缸内温度峰值增加150℃。考虑最大爆发压力和最大压升率的限制,确定海拔4 000 m喷油提前角提前4℃A对该型柴油机综合性能的改善最有利。计算结果初步为增压柴油机高原运行时的功率恢复和性能改进提供了参考。A CFD model on working process of certain turbocharged diesel engine adaptive to environment was built with Hiroyasu combustion model and Woschni heat transfer model. The experiment values of cylinder＇s pressure curves at point of rated power were compared with calculated results. The results show that the errors of Pm~ （ maximum value of cylinder pressure） and its＇ corresponding crank angle are within 4. 1%. Then the combustion characteristics of one type of tank diesel in plateau area were simulated based on it. The combustion process was improved via adjusting optimum advanced injection angle （θi） in plateau area. The results show： when the altitude is from 0 to 4 000 m, the center of gravity for heat release rate is delayed 7℃A, instantaneous HRRmax （ maximum value of heat release rate） reduces 0. 009 kJ/℃A, pmax reduces 1.6 MPa and Tmax （maximum value of average combustion temperature） increases 220℃ above. When θi is advanced based on best of it on plain area, the pmax increases 1.0 MPa, instantaneous HRRmax in- creases 0. 008 kJ/℃A and Tmax increases 150 ℃. In view of the restriction of the pmax and the maximum increased rate of p, the optimum θi is fixed on to advanced 4 ℃ A in 4 000 m altitude for improving the comprehensive performance of the diesel engine. The simulation results supply research foundation for the improvement of performance on diesel working in plateau area.

关 键 词：特殊环境 增压柴油机 喷油提前角 燃烧 

分 类 号：TK421.42[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]