旋转导向钻井工具发电机电磁转矩控制及其优化  

Control and optimization of the generator electromagnetic torque of rotary steering drilling tools

作　　者：金金[1] 程为彬[1] 郭颖娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学陕西省钻机控制技术重点实验室,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《石油学报》2011年第6期1055-1060,共6页Acta Petrolei Sinica

基　　金：陕西省教育厅专项科研基金(09JK687);西安石油大学研究生创新基金(YS37030503)联合资助

摘　　要：全旋转导向钻井工具的导向功能是通过调节其下涡轮发电机输出电磁转矩实现的。根据PWM斩波型控制电路模型,推导出旋转导向钻井工具涡轮发电机电磁转矩的数学表达式,通过数值计算确定了电磁转矩与控制量之间的关系,并进行了台架试验验证。从电机磁场储能角度讨论了发电机输出脉动转矩产生的内在原因及其计算方法,并在斩波型控制电路中引入有源功率因数校正技术,设计了一种可提高功率因数和电路稳定性的优化控制电路。试验测试结果表明,斩波优化控制电路消除了谐波脉动转矩,在增强电路稳定性的同时也增加了电磁转矩的调节范围。Steering function of all-rotary steering drilling tools is achieved through adjusting electromagnetic torque of the downhole turbine generator.Through the control circuit model in a pulse-width-modulation（PWM） chop mode,the mathematical expression of electromagnetic torque of rotary steering drilling tools was deduced.A relationship between electromagnetic torque and control factors was established by means of numerical calculation and verified by bench test.The internal cause of ripple torque from a generator and its calculation were discussed in terms of magnetic energy storage and an active power factor calibration was introduced into the chopper control circuit.An optimized chopper control circuit was designed,which can improve power factors and circuit stability.The test result shows that the optimized chopper control circuit can eliminate harmonic ripple torque and enhance the stability of circuit while increasing the adjustment range of electromagnetic torque.

关 键 词：旋转导向钻井工具 涡轮发电机 转矩控制 斩波电路 优化 

分 类 号：TE243[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]