氯氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯对萼花臂尾轮虫生殖的影响  

Effects of cypermethrin and deltamethrin on reproduction of Brachionus calyciflorus

作　　者：黄林[1] 刘昌利[1] 韦传宝[1] 夏林[1] 

机构地区：[1]皖西学院生物与制药工程学院,安徽六安237012

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第24期7632-7638,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：安徽省教育厅自然科学基金资助项目(KJ2010B269;KJ2008A138;KJ2010A328);安徽省六安市定向委托皖西学院市级研究项目(2009LW026)

摘　　要：以萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)为受试动物,运用3d种群增长和4d休眠卵产量实验方法研究了不同浓度的氯氰菊酯(31.25、62.5、125、250、500、1000μg/L和2000μg/L)和溴氰菊酯(15.63、31.25、62.5、125、250μg/L和500μg/L)对轮虫生殖的影响。结果显示,氯氰菊酯浓度对轮虫种群增长率、轮虫种群中的OF/NOF值和MF/AF值、混交率和休眠卵产量均有显著影响(P均<0.001),但对轮虫混交雌体受精率无显著的影响(P>0.05);溴氰菊酯浓度对轮虫种群增长率、轮虫种群中的MF/AF值、混交率和休眠卵产量均有显著影响(P均<0.05),但对轮虫种群中的OF/NOF值和混交雌体受精率均无显著的影响(P>0.05)。与空白对照组相比,31.25—125μg/L的氯氰菊酯和除31.25μg/L外所有浓度的溴氰菊酯都显著升高了轮虫的种群增长率,而1000μg/L和2000μg/L的氯氰菊酯却显著降低了轮虫的种群增长率;500μg/L的氯氰菊酯使轮虫种群中的带卵雌体数/不带卵雌体数显著升高,而各浓度的溴氰菊酯对其无显著影响;62.5μg/L和125μg/L的氯氰菊酯显著升高了轮虫种群中的混交雌体数/非混交雌体数,而15.63μg/L的溴氰菊酯却显著降低了轮虫种群中的混交雌体数/非混交雌体数;62.5—250μg/L的氯氰菊酯显著升高了轮虫混交率,而500—2000μg/L的氯氰菊酯以及15.63、31.25、250μg/L和500μg/L的溴氰菊酯却均显著降低了轮虫混交率;62.5μg/L和125μg/L的氯氰菊酯以及15.63μg/L和125μg/L的溴氰菊酯均显著升高了轮虫的休眠卵产量。包括空白对照组在内,所有测试液内的轮虫混交雌体受精率均为零。在实验设置的浓度范围内,氯氰菊酯浓度与轮虫的种群增长率、轮虫种群中的混交雌体数/非混交雌体数及轮虫混交率间均具有显著的剂量-效应关系。Pesticides are major contributors to environmental pollution,and widely distributed in aquatic environments.Zooplanktons,including rotifers,especially Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas and B.plicatilis Müller,are frequently used as test animals to detect aquatic contaminants because of their sensitivity,specificity of life history and ecological importance.In order to assess the effects of pyrethroids on reproduction of rotifers,and screen out endpoints to detect those aquatic contaminants,the effects of different concentrations of cypermethrin（31.25,62.5,125,250,500,1000 and 2000 μg/L） and deltamethrin（15.63,31.25,62.5,125,250 and 500 μg/L） on population growth rate,ratio ovigerous females/non-ovigerous females,ratio mictic females/amictic females,mictic rate,fertilization rate of mictic females and resting egg production of Guangzhou strain of B.calyciflorus were studied by means of 3-day population growth and 4-day resting egg production tests.The results showed that the cypermethrin concentration affected significantly population growth rate,ratio ovigerous females/non-ovigerous females,ratio mictic females/amictic females,mictic rate and resting egg production（all the P0.001）,but did not affect fertilization rate of mictic females of the rotifers（P0.05）.The deltamethrin concentration affected markedly population growth rate,ratio mictic females/amictic females,mictic rate and resting egg production（all the P0.05）,but did not affect ratio ovigerous females/non-ovigerous females and fertilization rate of mictic females of the rotifers（P0.05）.Compared with the controls,cypermethrin at 31.25—125 μg/L and deltamethrin at all the concentrations except 31.25 μg/L increased significantly the population growth rate of the rotifers,but the reverse was also true for cypermethrin at 1000 and 2000 μg/L.Cypermethrin at 500 μg/L increased significantly the ratio ovigerous females/non-ovigerous females,but deltamethrin at each concentration did not significantly affect it.Cypermethrin at 62.5 a

关 键 词：萼花臂尾轮虫 种群增长率 混交率 拟除虫菊酯类 氯氰菊酯 溴氰菊酯 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]