试论西方马克思主义心理学取向的特点及成就  

On the New Characteristics and Achievements of the Marxism Orientation in Western Psychology

作　　者：霍涌泉[1] 魏萍[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理学院,西安710062 [2]西安电子科技大学思政室,西安710071

出　　处：《心理学报》2011年第12期1468-1475,共8页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划项目(10YJAXLX007)资助

摘　　要：当今西方心理学研究中盛行着形形色色的马克思主义流派,除了传统的精神分析马克思主义、人本心理学马克思主义和辩证法心理学等思潮之外,还涌现出了实证主义心理学的马克思主义、女权主义心理学的马克思主义、批判心理学的马克思主义和多元主义辩证法等新取向,其中批判心理学已成为发展的主流。马克思主义是我们的立国之本,随着世界范围内马克思主义研究运动的日益高涨,如何认识西方马克思主义的心理学理论资源,是我们中国心理学研究需要进一步探讨的一个重要理论和现实问题。The strong vitality of Marxist Thought has been proved once again by the rise of the Marxist orientation among schools of contemporary Western psychology. While Marxist schools of all kinds are now prevalent in Western psychological research, there have emerged, in addition to traditional Marxism as exemplified by psychoanalytic Marxism, humanist Marxism and dialectical psychology, such new trends as positivist Marxism, feminist Marxism, critical Marxism. Despite the lack of a unified school of these newly formed Marxist research orientations and the many differences and conflicts among them, they share common characteristics on some basic issues： First, criticalness has become mainstream in the Marxist orientation of Western psychology, from macro critique to micro critique, from the reality critique of post-industrial social systems in developed capitalist countries to the critique of science, technology, ethics, arts, and psychics. Second, they all attach importance to social relations and cultural historical questions with regard to the subjects of psychological study and they uniformly call attention to the social attributes of psychology, generally promoting a shift towards ＂more social science＂ rather than ＂ more natural science＂; they believe that psychology cannot conduct value-neutral research divorced from social and cultural influences and that the generation of psychological knowledge, either by scientific or other procedures, cannot be divorced from culture. As psychology is a part of culture, social-historical-cultural patterns should be the basic connotation and framework in psychological research. Third, the elements and concepts focused on in the research mean essentially that, in order to bring Marxist concepts closer to the psychological discourse system, now not only macro-narrative issues are studied, but greater attention is also paid to the micro level.The contributions made to psychology theory construction by the new development orientation in Western Marxist psychological are

关 键 词：西方马克思主义 心理学 实证主义 女权主义 批判心理学 

分 类 号：B84-09[哲学宗教—基础心理学]