金塔绿洲土壤中蒸发/凝结过程的初步分析  

Preliminary Analysis on Evaporation/Condensation Processes of Soil in Jinta Oasis

作　　者：韩博[1] 吕世华[1] 奥银焕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《高原气象》2011年第6期1462-1471,共10页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB950503;2009CB421402);国家自然科学基金项目"巴丹吉林沙漠陆-气相互作用及其对区域气候的影响研究"(40975007)共同资助

摘　　要：利用2005年6月27日～7月4日金塔绿洲地表及0.40m土壤温度观测资料作为边界条件,结合一维土壤热传导方程计算了该时段0.05,0.10和0.20m深处的土壤温度。通过比较同时段观测值与计算值的观测,发现0.05m深处的土壤温度计算值与观测值的差异最大。结果表明,在方程中只需简单考虑浅层土壤蒸发/凝结过程,便可以使模拟结果得到显著改善。金塔绿洲地表能量通量分析表明,08:00～12:00浅层土壤有虚假的热储项;而在12:00～16:00则有偏大的地表潜热通量。这些能量不闭合现象可部分归结为在观测时未充分考虑绿洲浅层土壤蒸发/凝结过程。Using the surface and 0.40 m depth soil temperature in Jinta oasis as boundary condition,the temperatures at 0.05,0.10 and 0.20 m depthes were calculated by a one dimensional soil thermal diffusion equation.Comparing with the calculated and observed results on these three levels,it was found that the most significant difference between them appeared at 0.05 m level.Then,based on the characteristic of soil water content variability,evaporation and condensation（EC） processes were considered by improving the former thermal diffusion equation,and more realistic results were obtained,which means the EC processes might be important for hydrothermal variability of soil in Jinta oasis.The affection of EC on the surface energy balance were analyzed based on the observation of energy flux in the local surface.Two phenomena were found： Firstly,from 08：00 to 12：00,the shallow soil heat storage was not totally caused by the net radiation,but partly by the vapor condensation there;secondly,the latent heat flux was abnormally large from 12：00 to 16：00,made the surface energy flux unbalanced at that time,which can be explained as the vapor flux from deep soil being wrongly involved into the vapor flux of surface.

关 键 词：金塔绿洲 热传导方程 蒸发/凝结过程 地表能量平衡 土壤热储 

分 类 号：P426.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]