饲料中大豆异黄酮和大豆皂甙对牙鲆肝脏和肠道蛋白质消化酶活性和基因表达的影响  

Effects of Dietary Soybean Isoflavones and Saponins on Activities and Gene Expressions of Protease in Liver and Intestine of Japanese Flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus

作　　者：米海峰[1] 徐玮[1] 麦康森[1] 张文兵[1] 陈伟[1] 吴成龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第12期40-45,共6页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31072219)资助

摘　　要：以鱼粉为蛋白源,小麦粉为糖源,鱼油为脂肪源配制基础饲料,分别添加不同浓度梯度(0.1%、0.4%和0.8%)的大豆异黄酮和大豆皂甙。以不添加大豆异黄酮和大豆皂甙的基础饲料作为对照组,共制成7种等氮(粗蛋白49.1%)、等能(总能20.1kJ/g)的实验饲料。在循环水系统中养殖初始体质量为(2.58±0.01)g的牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)幼鱼,8周后观测牙鲆肝脏和肠道蛋白质消化酶活性和基因表达的影响。结果表明,牙鲆肠道胰蛋白酶的活性不受饲料中大豆异黄酮的显著影响(P>0.05),却随大豆皂甙添加量的升高而显著下降(P<0.05)。肠道糜蛋白酶的活性在饲料中大豆异黄酮添加量为0.1%时取得最大值(37.3±5.9)U/mg,显著高于其它处理组。饲料中添加不同水平的大豆异黄酮对肝脏中胰蛋白酶-1和糜蛋白酶-1基因表达量有显著(P<0.05)的影响,而添加大豆皂甙却对这些基因表达量的影响不显著。由此可见,大豆异黄酮直接作用于基因表达和酶活两个水平,而大豆皂甙只在酶活水平发挥显著的作用。同时,大豆异黄酮对牙鲆饲料利用率影响的双重性依赖于剂量的大小,其中的作用机制有待于进一步研究。An 8-week growth trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary soybean isoflavones and saponins on activities and gene expressions of protease in liver and intestine of Japanese flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus,with initial mean weight（2.58±0.01） g.The basal diet was formulated with fish meal,wheat flour and fish oil.Graded levels（0.1%,0.4% and 0.8%） of soybean isoflavones and saponins were added to the basal diet,respectively,to make 6 experimental diets.Basal diet was used as the control.Results showed that activity of trypsin in intestine was not significantly（P0.05） influenced by dietary soybean isoflavones,but was significantly（P0.05） decreased by dietary saponins.The significantly（P0.05） highest value of chymotrypsin activity in intestine was（37.3±5.9） U/mg with 0.1% dietary isoflavones supplement.Relatively quantities of trypsinogen-1 and chymotrypsinogen-1 precursor gene expression in liver were significantly（P0.05） influenced by dietary isoflavones,not by saponins（P0.05）.In conclusion,isoflavones have effects on protease at both enzyme level and gene level.However,saponins significantly affected protease activities,not gene expression.The further study on effects of soybean isoflavones on feed utilization of Japanese flounder is needed.

关 键 词：牙鲆 饲料 大豆异黄酮 大豆皂甙 蛋白质消化酶 

分 类 号：S963.7[农业科学—水产养殖]