2010年渤海海冰灾害特征分析  

Features of sea ice disaster in the Bohai Sea in 2010

作　　者：孙劭[1,2,3] 苏洁[3] 史培军[1,2,4] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]民政部/教育部减灾与应急管理研究院,北京100875 [3]中国海洋大学海洋环境学院,山东青岛266100 [4]北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2011年第6期87-93,共7页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大国际合作研究项目(40821140354);国家海洋局行业公益项目(201105016)

摘　　要：2010年中国遭遇到近30年来最严重的海冰冰情,因灾直接经济损失高达63.18亿元,占全年海洋灾害总经济损失的47.6%——海冰成为中国2010年海洋灾害中的主要灾种之一。基于区域灾害系统论,运用气象数据、MODIS图像和社会经济统计等资料,对2010年渤海海冰灾害的特征进行了初步分析。结果显示,以莱州湾结冰范围扩大为代表的渤海海冰分布变化是致灾因子区域危险性增大的主要特征,环渤海地区海水养殖面积和产量的增加是承灾体暴露性增大的主要特征,而总体灾情严重则是二者的综合结果。In 2010,China met with the most serious sea ice conditions during the last 30 years,which caused a direct economic loss of more than RMB 6.3 billion yuan,i.e.47.6% of the annual total losses of the marine disaster—sea ice became one of the main marine disasters of China in 2010.Based on the regional disaster system theory,this article presents an primary analysis of the main characteristics of sea ice disaster in the Bohai Sea in 2010 by using meteorological data,MODIS image and social economic statistics etc.The results show that the enlargement of the icy area in Laizhou Bay,as a representative of the distribution change of sea ice in the Bohai Sea,is the dominant of the increasing regional hazard risk;while the area and output expansion of marine aquaculture around the Bohai Sea is the main feature of the increasing exposure unit.It thus could be concluded that the serious disaster in general is the comprehensive outcome of these two factors.

关 键 词：海冰 灾害系统 承灾体 渤海 

分 类 号：P731[天文地球—海洋科学] X4[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]