2002年1月份南极普里兹湾海域南极磷虾(Euphausia superba Dana)的丰度和种群结构研究  

DISTRIBUTION AND DEMOGRAPHY OF EUPHAUSIA SUPERBA DANA IN PRYDZ BAY DURING JUNUARY 2002

作　　者：刘永芹[1,2] 孙松[1,3] 张永山[1] 刘会莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国科学院海洋研究所胶州湾海洋生态系统研究站,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《极地研究》2011年第4期275-282,共8页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：国家创新研究群体科学基金(40821004);国际极地年中国行动计划资助

摘　　要：对2002年1月份在南极普里兹湾海域三条断面(68.5°E、70.5°E和73°E)用IKMT网采集的幼体后期南极磷虾(E.superba)的水平分布和种群结构进行了研究。南极磷虾主要位于64°S以南的海域,64°S以北磷虾数量很少。南极磷虾的平均丰度和生物量分别为68.85 ind.1 000 m-3和24.16 g.1 000 m-3,丰度和生物量最高的4个站位均位于深海区。调查海域内南极磷虾的体长范围在30—53 mm之间(N=1 758),平均体长为38.45±3.68 mm(SD)。南极磷虾的雌性比例接近1∶1,雌体占47.6%(次成体31.9%;成体5.7%),雄体占46.6%(次成体42.7%;成体3.9%),未成体占5.8%。南极磷虾种群结构存在地域差异,调查海域西部未成体比例较高、雄体发育状态较低,而东部情况相反;70.5°E和73°E的站位磷虾种群结构存在纬度差异,高纬度区域磷虾体长较短,雌雄比例较高;低纬度区域体长较长,雌雄比例较低。This study documents the horizontal distribution and demography of Antarctic krill（Euphausia superba Dana）,which were collected by IKMT along three transects from Prydz Bay during January 2002.E.superba were abundant south of 64°S,and few krill were found north of 64°S.The average density/biomass,estimated from trawl catches,was 68.85 ind·1 000 m-3 or 24.16 g·1 000 m-3.The four stations recording the highest values were located in the open sea.Body length ranged from 30 to 55 mm（N=1 758）,with a mean of 38.45±3.68 mm（SD）.The overall sex ratio was 1∶1;there were 47.6% females（31.9% sub-adults and 5.7% adults）,46.6% males（42.7% sub-adults and 3.9% adults）,and 5.8% juveniles.The population structure of E.superba showed geographical differences.A high proportion of juveniles,low sexual maturity of males and good growth conditions were found in the western part of the survey area,and the reverse was found in the eastern part.A latitudinal difference was found at stations along 70.5°E and 73°E where the body length was short and the sex ratio was high at high latitude,and the opposite at low latitude.

关 键 词：南极磷虾 分布 丰度 种群结构 普里兹湾 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]