台风“鲇鱼”作用下厦门沿海某超高层建筑的风场和风压特性实测研究  

Field measurements of boundary layer wind field and wind pressure characteristics of a super-tall building on coast of the Xiamen City during passage of typhoon Megi

作　　者：史文海[1,2] 李正农[1] 罗叠峰[1] 张传雄[1,2] 梁笑寒[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]温州大学建筑与土木工程学院,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2012年第1期1-9,共9页Journal of Building Structures

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划项目(90815030);国家自然科学基金项目(51008237);住房和城乡建设部科技计划项目(2010K343)

摘　　要：为研究我国沿海地区超高层建筑的风场和风压特性,在2010年台风"鲇鱼"登陆前后对厦门沿海某超高层建筑的风场和建筑表面风压进行了同步监测。通过对实测风场和风压数据的深入分析表明:沿海地区超高层建筑风场的湍流度随风速增大变化平稳,阵风因子随湍流度的增大而增大;实测脉动风速功率谱密度与von Karman谱吻合较好;建筑各面内测点之间的瞬时风压、平均风压、平均风压系数和极值风压系数具有较强的相关性;实测平均风压和平均风压系数在迎风面较大,在背风面非常小;当风从角部吹向建筑时,随着风向角的变化,两迎风面的平均风压系数随着平均风速的增大变化规律相反;两背风面的平均风压系数随着平均风速的增大逐渐减小;迎风面的极值风压系数随着风向角的变化正负波动较大,背风面的极值风压系数分布较为均匀;迎风面的脉动风压系数较大且变化较大,背风面的脉动风压系数非常小且变化平稳;建筑各面的极值风压系数和脉动风压系数的幅值随着风速的增大逐渐减小。Based on the field measurement of boundary layer wind field and wind pressure characteristics of super-tall building on coast of the Xiamen City before and after typhoon Megi land falling, this paper presented selected measured datum. The field datum such as wind speeds, wind directions and wind pressures were simultaneously and continuously measured from the tall building during the typhoon. Detailed analysis of the field datum was conducted to investigate the characteristics of boundary layer wind field and wind pressure of the tall building under typhoon condition. The results clearly demonstrate that the turbulence intensity of wind field maintains stable with the wind speed increased. The gust factor increases with the increase of turbulence intensity. The power spectral densities of measured wind speed roughly fit with von Karman spectra. Furthermore, it is found that there is a strong relevance about the instantaneous wind pressure, mean wind pressure, mean wind pressure coefficient and extreme wind pressure coefficient among the test point of every building side. The mean wind pressure and mean wind pressure coefficient are relatively large on the windward side while very small on the leeward side. As the direction of the wind changes that blows in from the building corner, the mean wind pressure coefficients of two windward side show opposite trend when the wind speed increases, and the mean wind pressure coefficients of two leeward side decrease when the wind speed increases. The extreme wind pressure coefficient fluctuates relatively large on the windward side but shows a roughly uniform distribution on the leeward side. The value and its variation of the fluctuating wind pressure coefficient are relatively large on the windward side but very small on the leeward side. The value of extreme wind pressure coefficient and fluctuating pressure coefficient on both sides decreases when the wind speed increases.

关 键 词：高层建筑 台风观测 湍流特性 脉动风压 风压系数 

分 类 号：TU973.213[建筑科学—结构工程] TU317.2