酸性土壤胁迫下丹波黑大豆和云南小黑豆生理特性研究  

Physiological Properties of Soybean(Glycine max)Tamba and Yunnanxiaoheidou under Acid Soil Stress

作　　者：钱绍方[1] 陈丽梅[1] 陈宣钦[1] 玉永雄[2] 李昆志[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学生物工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650500 [2]西南大学动物科技学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《大豆科学》2011年第6期941-945,共5页Soybean Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目资助(2007CB108901);云南省中青年学术技术带头人后备人才培养基金资助项目(2006PY01-10)

摘　　要：以酸性土壤耐受能力差异明显的2个大豆品种丹波黑大豆和云南小黑豆为材料,分别在pH 4.55的黄壤、pH5.60的红壤和pH 7.14的正常土壤上盆栽种植,于出苗后50 d观察生长状况并测定根和叶的主要生理指标,研究大豆对酸性土壤胁迫的耐受生理机理。结果表明:在弱酸和强酸性土壤上丹波黑大豆都能形成根瘤、生长良好,而云南小黑豆则不能形成根瘤、长势差。2个黑豆根中产生的活性氧簇(ROS)主要通过提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性来清除,其中云南小黑豆根中这些酶活性明显提高,受酸性土壤胁迫影响较大;2个黑豆叶中则产生大量可溶性糖、脯氨酸(Pro)、丙二醛(MDA)、蛋白质羰基(PC)和过氧化氢(H2O2)来维持较低水平的渗透压与膜脂过氧化水平以提高对酸性土壤胁迫的耐受能力。结果证明丹波黑大豆耐酸性土壤胁迫能力明显强于云南小黑豆。The acid tolerance mechanism of the soybean was studied using two black soybean（Glycine max）cultivars Tamba and Yunnanxiaoheidou,both of which had significant differences in acid soil tolerance.Soybeans were pot planted in greenhouse with yellow soil（pH 4.55）,red soil（pH 5.60）and normal soil（pH 7.14）.The main physiological indicators of the roots and leaves were measured 50 days later after seedling.The results showed that Tamba grew well in three kinds of soil with nodules while Yunnanxiaoheidou grew badly without nodules in yellow and red soil.Also the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）,peroxidase（POD）and catalase（CAT）were all increased in roots of both cultivars when grown in yellow and red soil,but the former varied little,which indicated that the reactive oxygen species（ROS）produced from the root were cleavaged by these three enzymes.Meanwhile,the soluble sugars,proline（Pro）,malondialdehyde（MDA）,protein carbony（PC）and H2O2which could form low levels of both osmotic pressure and lipid peroxidation level and then were responsible for their acid stress tolerance,were abundant in the leaves of both soybeans.These results suggest that the acid soil stress tolerance of Tamba is superior to Yunnanxiaoheidou.

关 键 词：黑大豆 丹波 云南小黑豆 酸性土壤胁迫 生理特性 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]