北京市通州区女性乳腺疾病流行状况及危险因素分析  

Epidemiological status and risk factor analysis of female breast disease in Tongzhou district of Beijing

作　　者：张晓君 顾岳山 丁辉[2] 史立晖 刘丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区妇幼保健院乳腺科,北京101100 [2]北京妇幼保健院乳腺科,北京100026

出　　处：《国际外科学杂志》2011年第12期819-821,共3页International Journal of Surgery

基　　金：首都医学发展科研基金资助项目（No.2005-1013）

摘　　要：目的通过对北京市通州区女性乳腺疾病流行病学调查，了解该地区女性乳腺疾病的发病状况，并进一步研究引起女性乳腺疾病的危险因素，为制定乳腺疾病预防措施提供客观依据。方法采用整群分层随机抽样方法对北京市通州区1575例18—60岁妇女进行流行病学问卷调查，并由专科医师对每位妇女进行乳腺检查，采用乳腺临床体检配合近红外线扫描、彩超和钼靶x线等辅助检查方法，筛查和诊断乳腺疾病，将调查结果分为乳腺正常组和疾病组进行病例对照分析，研究影响乳腺疾病的危险因素。结果1575例女性中患乳腺疾病的303例，发病率为19．2％，发病年龄集中在30—50岁。其中乳腺癌3例，乳腺增生270例，乳腺纤维瘤5例，其他乳腺良性肿瘤25例，经y。检验分析，确定乳腺疾病与文化程度的高低、绝经时间的长短、是否具有乳腺增生病史和负性情绪有关。结论女性乳腺疾病与患者年龄、文化程度、绝经时间有关，乳腺增生病史和负性情绪是导致乳腺疾病的危险因素，应大力宣传乳腺保健知识，提倡健康生活方式，减少乳腺疾病的发生。Objective An epidemiological study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of female breast disease and risk factors in Tongzhou District of Beijing, providing objective data to prophylaxis of the disease in this area. Methods A questionnaire survey was done in 1 575 females aged 18-60 years in Tongzhou district of Beijing by a cluster random sampling method. Clinical breast examination, near-infrared scanning, colour ultrasound, X-ray and other adjunctive examinations were performed in these subjects for diagnosis of the disease. The subjects were divided into breast disease group and normal control group. And then a case-control study was conducted for risk factor analysis of female breast disease. Results Breast disease was found in 303 of 1 575 females, most in 30-50 years, the incidence being 19. 2%. Breast hyperpla- sia was found in 270 females, breast fibroma in 5, other benign breast disease in 25, and breast cancer in 3, Breast disease was found related to education level, menopause time, history of breast hyperplasia and annoyance. Conclusions Female breast disease is related to age, education and menopause. History of breast hyperplasia and negative emotion are risk factora of the disease. Attention should be paid to breast health care and healthy life style, decreasing incidence of the disease.

关 键 词：乳腺疾病 危险因素 流行病学 

分 类 号：R737.9[医药卫生—肿瘤]