四川道路边坡自然恢复的植被多样性研究  

Study on Vegetation Diversity of Road Verge after Natural Restoration in Sichuan Province,China

作　　者：罗双[1] 孙海龙[2] 刘冲[1] 李绍才[1,2] 庞亮[1] 李成俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610064 [2]四川大学水力学与山区河流保护国家重点实验室,成都610065

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2011年第6期51-56,61,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划重点项目课题(2007BAD39B04);环保公益性行业科研专项(200909060)

摘　　要：采用样线法对四川地区路域边坡自然恢复后的植被进行调查,研究道路边坡对植物多样性影响。调查区域内分布植物66科159属190种。其中灌木81种,草本109种;选用了丰富度Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson指数、Pielou均匀度指数等α多样性指数及Codyβ多样性指数来研究边坡的坡度、坡向、海拔、恢复时间与植物群落多样性关系。结果表明:45°～60°坡度、阴坡、500～700m海拔及>10a以上的恢复年限的边坡,群落的多样性较高,对边坡植被恢复有利;而在>60°坡度、阳坡、>700m的海拔高度和<10a的恢复年限内的多样性较低;在不同坡度和海拔的环境梯度上,Codyβ指数与α多样性分析结果一致。在生态恢复中,群落多样性低的边坡,适当增加物种丰富度、密度及有利的人为干扰,有助于提高群落多样性。In this paper,we investigated road verge vegetation to study the plant diversity after natural restoration with line transect surveys in Sichuan Province.There are 66 families and 159 genera of 190 plant species,including 81 species of shrubs,109 species of herbs.Margalef richness index,Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Simpson index,Pielou evenness index and Cody diversity index were selected to examine the relationships among plant community diversity,slope,aspect,elevation,recovery duration.The results showed that habitats with slope from 45° to 60°,the south faced slope,the elevation of 500～700 m and the recovery duration10 years slope had higher community diversity,contributing to the vegetation restoration.However,habitats with slope60°,the north faced slope,at an altitude700 m,and the recovery duration10 years had the lower diversity.In addition,Cody index was used to analyze β-diversity along the slope and elevation environmental gradient,which was consistent with the results of α-diversity.During the course of ecological restoration of road verge vegetation in this region,habitats with lower diversity resulted from adverse environmental factors,well-adapted species,higher species richness and density,with additional artificial interferences should be adopted to enhance the community diversity.

关 键 词：四川地区 公路生态 自然恢复 植物多样性 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X176