伏季休茶留养技术对绿茶增效因子的影响  

Effect of Eliminating Summer Leaf-picking on Green Tea Production

作　　者：杨如兴[1] 陈芝芝[1] 张磊[1] 吴民亿[1] 何孝延[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所,福建福安355015 [2]福建省农业厅,福建福州350000

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2011年第5期783-787,共5页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省科技计划重点项目(2009N0029);福建省区域科技计划重大项目(2011N3030)

摘　　要：分析了伏季休茶留养技术对福云10号绿茶品种春梢萌芽期、发芽密度、1芽1叶百芽重、净光合速率、鲜叶产量和制茶品质等主要增效因子的影响。结果表明:伏季适当休茶留养可使福云10号春茶萌发提早4～6d,春茶发芽密度极显著低于对照,春茶1芽1叶百芽重显著提高,净光合速率提高3.51%～26.19%,小区春茶鲜叶产量提高26.62%～188.88%,显著或极显著高于对照,香气和滋味感官审评得分比对照高出4～8分,审评综合得分比对照高出2.8～4.3分,品质提高一个等级以上;伏季休茶留养生产成本相对较低,纯利润比对照高373.50～8 483.40元.hm-2,增效明显,适宜在农村劳动力紧缺的茶区推广应用,而全年采摘模式是在加强施肥管理的情况下适合在劳动力资源丰富的茶区生产。Effects of eliminating leaf-picking in the summer on the annual tea production were studied.The tea plant,Fuyun 10,was used for the investigation.The factors examined included germination,sprouting density,bud weight,net photosynthetic rate,fresh leave output and tea quality.The results showed that by eliminating the tea-picking in the summer,the germination advanced 4 to 6 days.With the practice,the sprouting density became extremely significantly lower than control,while the bud weight improved and the net photosynthetic rate increased 3.51%-26.19%.The output of fresh leaves increased from 26.62% to 188.88%,which was significantly higher than that of control.The sensory evaluation scores on aroma and taste were higher than control,from 4 to 8,and the overall scores were higher than control,from 2.8 to 4.3,on a 10 point-scale.Meanwhile,the tea quality was improved by one grade.The practice also reduced the cost and increased the net profit from 373.50 yuan·hm-2 to 8 483.40 yuan·hm-2.Consequently,it seemed to be most suitable for the areas where labor is scarce.Otherwise,increased fertilization might still be appropriate for the traditional year-round picking operations.

关 键 词：伏季 休茶留养 产量 品质 生产效益 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]