阶梯圆柱形压电振子直线型超声电机  

Linear Ultrasonic Motor Using Notched Cylindrical Piezoelectric Vibrator

作　　者：金家楣[1] 泮振锋[1] 钱富[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2011年第6期715-719,811,共5页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:10874090;91023020);NSFC-广东联合基金重点资助项目(编号:U0934004)

摘　　要：针对现有直线型超声电机推力较小、效率不高的普遍现状,提出利用阶梯圆柱形压电振子驱动的直线型超声电机。其压电振子包含两组压电陶瓷单元,经逆压电效应激发阶梯形圆柱压电振子在两个正交方向上分别产生5阶弯曲振动,使振子两个圆盘形结构的表面质点形成椭圆运动,经摩擦作用于固定导轨,使振子组件沿导轨产生直线运动,进而构成直线型超声电机。采用有限元仿真方法确定结构尺寸,制作原理样机并进行了相关试验。原理样机获得如下性能:最大输出力为16.2N;最大速度为180mm/s;最大效率为38%;响应时间为24ms;步进分辨率为2μm。A linear ultrasonic motor using a notched cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator has been proposed and developed for a large thrust and a high energy efficiency.The vibrator consists of two pairs of piezoelectric ceramic elements,which are excited to generate the fifth-bending modes of the notched cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator in two orthogonal direction.The surface particles on the two disk-shaped parts move along an elliptical trajectory,which in turn acts on a contacted rail plate,and then the frictional forces drive the vibrator and its supporters into linear motion.The key dimensions of the piezoelectric vibrator are determined by finite element analysis(FEA) software ANSYS.The prototype has been manufactured and experimentally investigated.The performance achieved by the prototype are:(i) a maximum driving force of～16.2N;(ii) a maximum linear speed of～180 mm/s;(iii) a maximum energy efficiency of～ 38%;(iv) a response time of～24 ms;and(v) a step resolution of～2μm.

关 键 词：超声电机 压电振子 弯曲振动 阶梯圆柱 输出力 效率 

分 类 号：TP386[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]