遵守规则与人工智能——维特根斯坦与图灵人工智能理论的交集  

Following Rules and Artifical Intelligence——the Intersection of Wittgenstein' Theory and Turing's AI Theory

作　　者：魏屹东[1,2] 樊岳红[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学科学技术哲学研究中心,山西太原030006 [2]山西大学哲学社会学学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第5期24-29,共6页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学后期资助项目"科学哲学的语境重建"(09FZX011);山西省留学基金项目科学认知的机制与表征模型研究(0905502)

摘　　要：图灵是倡导机器人工智能的第一人,维特根斯坦则是主张没有适当的历史环境、机器不可能有智能的第一人。维特根斯坦和图灵在遵守规则理论上有过争论。维特根斯坦认为机器是不能思维的,计算的机器能计算是因为其本质是人在机械式的遵守规则,而图灵主张机器是能思维的,机器机械式的遵守规则能替代规范化的标准。在图灵的观念中,机械式的遵守规则与遵守一种机械式的规则是等同的。A.M.Turing is the first advocate of AI,and Wittgenstein is the first advocate who argues that a machine does not have intelligence without proper historical context.Wittgenstein and Turing also have the intersection on the theory of following rules.Wittgenstein believes that a machine can not think and the computing machine can calculate only because of its very nature that man mechanically follows rules,while Turing asserts that the machine can think,and machines＇ mechnical following rules can replace the normalized standard.In Turing＇s conception,mechanical following rule is equal to following a mechanical rule.

关 键 词：遵守规则 维特根斯坦 人工智能 图灵机 

分 类 号：N02[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]