厌氧氨氧化反应器载体生物膜细菌多样性的研究  

The bacterial diversity in boifilms associated with media of anammox bioreactors

作　　者：王银华[1] 马悦欣[1] 刘长发[2] 朱学惠[2] 朱莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2011年第6期500-506,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2007AA10Z410)

摘　　要：采用细菌16S rRNA通用引物1055F/1392R-GC获得的PCR产物进行变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE),分析了两个厌氧氨氧化反应器在不同运行时间其载体生物膜上的细菌多样性。结果表明,两个反应器在不同运行时间其细菌种群多样性有一定差异。DGGE优势条带序列系统发育分析结果表明,反应器载体生物膜上的细菌类群主要是陶厄氏菌属Thauera、鞘氨醇单胞菌属Sphingomonas,外硫红螺旋菌科Ectothiorho-dospiraceae、酸杆菌门Chloroflexi、绿弯菌门Acidobacteria及不可培养细菌。当反应器运行208 d时,水体中氨氮和亚硝态氮的去除率维持较高水平,两者去除率之比为1.1,表明反应器内发生了厌氧氨氧化反应。针对厌氧氨氧化细菌16S rRNA基因引物Pla46F/Amx368R-GC获得的PCR产物,采用DGGE技术对载体生物膜上的厌氧氨氧化细菌进行了检测。DGGE优势条带序列分析结果表明,在反应器中富集得到的厌氧氨氧化细菌分别与Planctomycete KSU-1、Candidatus Jettenia asiatica的相似性均为96%,可以认为它们是反应器内起厌氧氨氧化作用的主要细菌。The bacterial diversity was studied in boifilms associated with media of two anammox bioreactors running at different time by PCR-DGGE using bacterial 16S rRNA universal primers 1055F/1392R-GC. Results showed that the bacterial diversity was different in two reactors at different sampling time. Phylogenetic analysis of sequences from prevalent DGGE bands revealed that the bacteria were found to be Thauera, Sphingomonas, Ectothiorhodospiraceae, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria and uncultured bacteria. When the bioreactors were operated for 208 days, the removal rates of ammonia and nitrite nitrogens were kept high with the ratio of ammonia nitrogen level to nitrite nitrogen level = 1.1, indicating that the anammox reaction took place in the bioreactors. Anammox bacteria in the biofilms associated with media of bioreactors were detected by PCR-DGGE using anammox bacteria specific primers PIa46F/Amx368R-GC. Analysis of sequences from prevalent DGGE bands showed anammox bacteria had 96% similarity to Planctomycete KSU-1 and Candidatus Jettenia asiatica, respectively. It is suggested that these bacteria remove nitrogen by anaerobic ammonium-oxidation in reactors.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化反应器 生物膜 PCR—DGGE 细菌多样性 厌氧氨氧化细菌 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]