上海崇明岛表层土壤有机碳密度的空间分布特征及碳储量估算  

Spatial Distribution of Topsoil Organic Carbon Density and Assessment of Its Reserves in Chongming Island,Shanghai

作　　者：申广荣[1] 葛晓烨[1] 黄秀梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农生院低碳农业研究中心,上海200240

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》2011年第6期61-66,共6页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)

基　　金：上海科委项目(10JC1407000);上海交通大学理工基金项目

摘　　要：土壤有机碳是地球陆地生态系统中最重要和活跃的碳库。上海崇明岛表层土壤碳密度及其碳储量的变化以其独特的地理位置在全球变化中具有特殊的作用。本研究采用上海崇明岛土壤普查数据和地统计方法,研究了崇明岛表层土壤有机碳密度的空间分布特征,及其不同土地利用方式下土壤有机碳密度状况和碳储量。结果表明,全岛大部分地区表层土壤有机碳密度在2～4kg/m2,平均2.89kg/m2,具有中等变异程度和空间相关性,变异系数和块金效应分别为0.3和0.32。农田和林地的碳密度较高,2002年崇明岛63%的土地面积为农田,其碳储量达到2571.43×106kg,占全岛表层土壤碳储量的71%,而3%为林地,其碳储量占总量的4%。不同用地类型面积的比例与其碳储量基本保持一致。从土壤类型分析,全岛土壤有机碳储量最多的是水稻土,占总储量的69.1%,其次盐土的碳储量占总量的24%。全岛总的土壤碳储量为3720.85×106 kg。因此,科学合理地利用土地,动态监测全岛表层土壤和生态系统碳循环的影响,特别是人类干扰下的土壤碳库的动态变化是建设崇明生态岛的重要内容。Soil organic carbon is the most important and active carbon pool of the terrestrial ecosystem.The topsoil organic carbon density and the change of its reserves in Chongming island of Shanghai which located in the estuary of Yangtze River plays a special role in the global changes for its unique location.In this paper,the spatial distribution characteristics of the topsoil organic carbon density,its reserves and change with different types of the land usage were studied based on a soil database from the soil sampling of Chongming island in 2002 by geostatistics methods.The results showed that most of the topsoil organic carbon density was 2～4 kg/m2,the average was 2.9 kg/m2 with moderate variability（the coefficient of variation 0.3）and spatial correlation（the nugget effect 0.32）.The organic carbon density was higher in farmland and forest land.The carbon reserves of farmland（accounted for 63% of whole island area in 2002）reached 2571.43×106 kg which occupied 71% of total reserves of Chongming island.Forest land was with 3% of whole island area and its carbon reserves was 4% of total reserves of Chongming island.For the soil types,paddy soil occupied 69.1% total carbon reserves of Chongming island,then saline,accounted for 24%.The total carbon reserves of Chongming island was 3720.85×106 kg.The results suggested that scientific and rational land use,dynamic monitoring topsoil carbon cycle,especially the change of soil carbon pool under human interference are important for construction of Chongming ecological island.

关 键 词：崇明岛 土壤有机碳 遥感 碳循环 地统计分析 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]