丽江市上部烟叶采收方式研究  

Study on Harvest Method of Upper Leaf of Flue-cured Tobacco in Lijiang

作　　者：范业晨[1] 胡小曼[1] 李成杰[2] 蔡寒玉[2] 李兰周[2] 方志存[1] 杨悦章[1] 李佛琳[1] 杨焕文[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省烟草公司丽江市公司,云南丽江674100

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第B12期110-117,122,共9页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重大科技专项(110200902034);云南省烟草公司科技项目(09YN022;2010YN50);云南省应用基础研究项目(2008ZC051M);云南省科技厅人才项目(2010CI030)

摘　　要：为减害降焦、协调增香,满足工业企业的原料需求,拓展上部烟叶在工业生产中的应用空间打下基础,研究了丽江烟区上部叶不同采收方式对叶绿素含量、水分及烤后烟叶外观品质、主要化学成分与感官评吸质量的影响。结果表明:(1)上部6片叶一起养,一次性采烤,养分分配平衡,容易落黄成熟,达到充分成熟采收,而分次采烤,顶部3片叶养分过于集中,难于落黄成熟,1～6位叶SPAD值较对照低3.13～8.17。(2)一次性采烤烟叶外观质量分值较分次采烤烟叶高出1.5～12分,1～3叶杂色叶比例小、等级更趋于合理,均价高出1.16元,经济效益提高。(3)一次性采烤与分次采烤烟叶比较,糖含量、总氮含量差别不大,钾含量1～3叶位增加0.29%,4～6叶位降低0.3%;淀粉含量1～3叶位减少2.48%,4～6叶位降低2.05%。(4)一次性采烤烟叶感官评吸质量优于分次采烤烟叶,4～6叶优于1～3叶,主要表现为香气质、香气量略有改善,杂气明显减轻,上部烟叶质量得到改善。In order to lay foundations for relieving harm and reducing tar, coordination and increase aroma, meet the demand for materials of industrial enterprises, expand application space of upper leaf of flue-cured tobacco in industrial production, upper leaf of flue-cured tobacco in Lijiang was used to study the effect of different harvest methods on SPAD value, moisture content, appearance quality, main chemical composition and sensory evaluation quality. The results showed that： （1） The upper 6 leaf to raise together, harvest at a time, nutrient allocation balance, easily to fall yellow and mature, achieve full mature when harvest, while harvest in different times, nutrient was too centralized of top 3 leaf, it was difficult to yellow and mature, SPAD value of 1 ～ 6 leaf was lower 3.13 ～ 8. 17 than that of CK. （2） Appearance quality score of tobacco leaf which harvest at a time was higher 1.5 ～ 12 than that of harvest in different times, variegated tobacco leaf proportion of 1 ～ 3 leaf was small, grade was more reasonable, average price was higher 1.16 yuan, economic benefit was improved. （3） Compared tobacco leaf harvested at a time with harvested in different times, sugar content, total nitrogen content made little difference, potassium content of 1 ～ 3 leaf increased O. 29% 4 ～ 6 leaf decreased 0. 3 %, starch content of 1 ～3 leaf increased 2. 48%, 4 ～6 leaf decreased 2.05%. （4） Sensory quality of tobacco leaf which harvest at a time was superior to tobacco leaf harvested in different times, 4～6 leaf was superior to 1 ～ 3 leaf, main show was quality of aroma and volume of aroma was improved slightly, miscellaneous gas significantly reduced, quality of upper tobacco leaves was improved.

关 键 词：烤烟 上部叶 采收 

分 类 号：S372[农业科学—农产品加工]