重庆市中学生营养状况及影响因素分析  

Nutrition status among middle school students in Chongqing city

作　　者：贾晓瑜[1] 张亚妮 刁俊 钟朝晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,重庆400016 [2]重庆市沙坪坝区中小学卫生保健所 [3]重庆市江津区学生卫生保健所

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2012年第1期92-94,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究资助项目(KJ090325)

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市中学生营养状况及影响因素,为采取合理的干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层多级整群随机抽样法,对2 465名中学生测量身高、体重并评价其营养状况,并对学生营养知识、态度、饮食行为进行问卷调查,利用非条件Logistics逐步回归分析饮食行为的影响因素。结果在被调查的2 465名10～19岁的学生中,营养不良占4.46%,较低体重占44.87%,超重占5.23%,肥胖占8.44%,不同性别学生营养状况比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,学生的年龄、性别、地区、是否喜欢运动、学习时间、自己的身体形态以及父亲和母亲文化程度是学生营养状况的影响因素,其对应的OR值分别为1.145、3.499、1.351、0.579、0.863、0.529、0.671、1.532。结论重庆市中学生营养不良及较低体重检出率有上升趋势,而营养超重和肥胖检出率有所下降,预防儿童营养不良或过剩关键在于普及营养保健知识,保证合理的膳食摄入和适当运动。Objective To examine the nutrition status among middle school students in Chongqing city and to analyze its influencing factors for making nutrition intervention measures. Methods The height and weight were measured and a questionnaire survey on nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior was conducted among 2 465 students aged 10 - 19 years selected with stratified cluster sampling. The influence factors of diet behavior were analyzed with logistic regression. Results Among the students,4. 46% had malnutrition and the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity was 44. 87%, 5.23% ,and 8.44% ,respectively. There was a significant difference in the nutrition status between the students of different gender（ P 〈 0. 0001 ）. The results of logistic regression showed that age, gender, nation, liking sports or not, study time, the body shape, and the education of the father and mother were influencing factors of nutrition status with the odds ratios of 1. 145,3.499, 1. 351,0. 579,0. 863,0. 529,0. 671 and 1. 532, respectively. Conclusion The rates of malnutrition and underweight were higher and the rate of overweight and obesity was lower compared with those of the previous years among middle school students in Chongqiong city. The key measure to prevent malnutrition and excess-nutrition among the students is the popularization of nutrition knowledge and the promotion of moderate physical exercise.

关 键 词：营养状况 影响因素 重庆 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]