棉花高效嫁接技术研究  

Study on Efficient Cotton Graftting

作　　者：张浩[1] 李锐[1] 刘亮[1] 夏启中[1] 张明菊[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄冈师范学院化学与生命科学学院,湖北黄冈438000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2011年第24期5060-5062,共3页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目(2008CDB091);湖北省教育厅重点项目(D20082701;D20102903)

摘　　要：嫁接技术能很好地解决转基因植株、体细胞再生植株、茎尖培养植株等无菌苗直接定植困难的问题。采用贴接法、切接法、合接法、劈接法和插接法等5种不同方法进行嫁接。结果表明,贴接法嫁接苗成活率最高(100%),其次为合接法(95%)和切接法(90%),插接法(80%)和劈接法(70%)最低。在棉苗生长不同时期采用贴接法嫁接,砧木以2叶1心和3叶1心期实生苗效果最好,接穗以与砧木同叶龄期或略低一叶龄期嫁接苗成活率最高,达100%。不同品种3叶1心期的棉苗互为砧木和接穗按贴接法进行嫁接,相同品种的砧木和接穗,嫁接苗成活率最高;相同类型的不同品种之间嫁接苗成活率较高;不同类型品种之间嫁接苗成活率最低;利用杂交种与相应的品种之间嫁接可以提高嫁接苗成活率。保鲜袋套袋保湿(温度为25～35℃,相对湿度在95%以上,遮光)成本低,保湿和通气性好,可促进嫁接苗的成活。Graft technique can effectively solve the problem that transgenic plants,regenerated somatic plants and sterile plantlets are difficult to survive via direct plantation.Test of five different grafting methods which were designated as approach graft,cut graft,conjoint graft（CJG）,cleft graft and insert graft respectively was carried out;And the result revealed that the survivial ratio of approach graf was the highest（100%）,followed by cut graft（90%） and conjoint graft（CJG）（95%）,while the survivial ratio of cleft graft（70%） and insert graft（80%） was lower（70% to 80%）.Graftting was proformed in different seedling growing period,the survivial ratio was the highest when rootstock and scion seedlings was with 2~3 leaves.Grafting with rootstock and scion of the same variety was easier to survive than that of different,while grafting between different kinds of cottons,such as upland cotton（Gossypium hirsutum L.） vs.sealand cotton（G.barbadense） was difficult to suvive.Grafting with the hybids of rootstock and scion seedlings could improve survivial ratio of graftting seedling.Freshness protection bags could help preserving moisture（95% relative humidity）,keeping good ventilation and rising grafting survivial ratio.

关 键 词：棉花 嫁接方法 成活率 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]