女性参与高管团队对企业绩效的影响:回顾与展望  

A Review of the Relationship between Female Participation in TMT and Corporate Performance

作　　者：曾萍[1] 邬绮虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学工商管理学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《经济管理》2012年第1期190-199,共10页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目"新形势下中国企业整合战略与动态竞争研究"(70832003);广东省自然科学基金项目"制度环境;核心能力与民营企业成长"(S2011040003809);广东省哲学社会科学"十一五"规划项目"政府支持;组织创新与企业动态能力的关系"(GD10CGL13)

摘　　要：全球女性高管的强势崛起引起了社会各界的高度关注,越来越多的学者开始对女性参与高管团队与企业绩效的关系进行研究。早期的研究从高层梯队理论出发,解释女性高管对企业绩效的影响。近期的研究则拓展到了资源依赖理论、人力资本理论、代理理论等理论视角。同时,基于不同的理论视角,学者们针对女性高管与企业绩效之间的关系进行了大量实证研究,但结果迥异,女性高管是否影响以及如何影响企业绩效依然是一个未打开的"黑箱"。本文对女性高管与企业绩效关系的已有研究进行了回顾,首先从个人、团队以及企业三个层面阐述了研究的理论视角,然后对相关实证研究进行了分析,并将其概括为直接效应、受情景因素调节与中介效应三类,最后对该领域未来研究方向进行了简要的展望:在理论研究方面,关注女性高管研究理论体系的构建;在实证研究方面,对影响女性高管与企业绩效关系的调节变量的探索与检验,深入探索女性高管作用于企业绩效的传导机制与过程,挖掘和检验在这个过程中可能发挥重要作用的中介变量。In the commercial economy, female entrepreneurs and executives are rising rapidly, constantly creating business miracles with strong momentum, made prominent as their male counterparts in business success. It has raised community＇ s attention that female executives are strongly rising all over the world. An increasing number of scholars do researches on the relationship between female executives and corporate performance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review of the relationship between female partici- pation in TMT and corporate performance, incorporating and integrating research from domestic and foreign literatures in the recent 20 years. Moreover, we organized our findings to provide a new lens enabling the field to be readily examined by level and by theoretical perspective. Based on Upper-echelons theory, previous researches regarded female executives as a branch of TMT and explained female executives in TMT gender diversity perspective. Recent researches expend the theoretical perspective into resource dependency theory, human capital theory, and agency theory and so on. Based on diverse theo- ries, scholars carry on a great deal of empirical researches for the relationship between female executives and corporate performance. However, the consequences are widely divergent. It is still a ＂black box＂ whether female executives impact corporate performance or how female executives impact corporate performance. First, this paper describes extant researches on theoretical perspectives at individual, team and firm levels. At individual level, human capital theory suggests that females＇ distinctive human capital which differ from male executives contributes to the corporate performance, but the feminist theory argues that females have a negative impact on performance because they have been given more responsibilities to rear children and care for family and their business skills are not a patch on male; At team level, the upper echelons theory captures that female executives

关 键 词：女性参与 企业绩效 高管团队 

分 类 号：C933.4[经济管理—管理学]