喜马拉雅山区葇籽草和棘豆样品中PCBs、PBDEs和PCDD/Fs的分析  

PCBs、PBDEs and PCDD/Fs in the grass samples from the Himalayas

作　　者：高永飞[1] 王璞[2] 陈卫海[2] 任代卫[2] 张庆华[2] 梁勇[3] 张捷[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]江汉大学医学院,武汉430056

出　　处：《环境化学》2012年第1期26-30,共5页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目课题(2007BAC27B01);国家自然科学基金(20907059)资助

摘　　要：应用同位素稀释-高分辨气相色谱/高分辨质谱(HRGC/HRMS)法分析了喜马拉雅山区海拔5000 m以上的葇籽草和棘豆样品中多氯联苯(PCBs)、多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)和二噁英(PCDD/Fs)的含量.这两种植物样品中污染物含量与世界其它偏远地区的水平基本保持一致.其中PCBs的总含量在1.94—3.62 ng.g-1干重(dw)范围内,平均值为2.60 ng.g-1dw;PCB-28和PCB-52的浓度明显较高,约占7种指示性PCBs总量的90%以上.14种PBDEs的总浓度在83.3—142 pg.g-1dw之间,平均值为116 pg.g-1dw;除BDE-85、-138、-154,以及高溴代的BDE-190和BDE-209未检出外,其它9种单体均有不同程度的检出,且以低溴代的BDE-28为主,含量占45%以上.样品中PCDD/Fs基本上未检出.由于样品采集点位于喜马拉雅山人迹罕至的珠穆朗玛峰北坡地区,周围并无工业污染源,因此植物样品中PCBs及PBDEs可能是污染物发生大气长距离传输和生物富集的结果.Polychlorinated biphenyls（PCBs）,polybrominated diphenyl ethers（PBDEs） and polychlorinated-p-dioxins and furans（PCDD/Fs） in two types of grass samples（T.rupifragum Schrenk and O.glacialis Benth.ex Bge） collected from the Himalayas above 5000 m were analyzed using isotope dilution-high resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry（HRGC/HRMS）.The level of contaminants in the samples was consistent with many other reports from the remote areas.The concentrations of total PCBs were in the range of 1.94—3.62 ng · g-1dry weight（dw） with an average value of 2.60 ng · g-1dw;the indicator congeners PCB-28 and PCB-52 were significantly higher and accounted for about 90% of indicative PCBs.For PBDEs,the concentrations of ∑14PBDEs ranged between 83.3 pg · g-1 dw and 142 pg · g-1 dw with an average of 116 pg · g-1dw.Most of the BDE congeners were detected in the samples except for BDE-85,BDE-138,BDE-154,BDE-190 and BDE-209.BDE-28 was the dominant congener and accounted for more than 45% of the detected PBDEs.However,PCDD/Fs were not detected in any sample.Considering the lacation of the sampling sites in the Himalayas,along northern slope of Mt.Qomolangma above 5000 m where no pollution sources exist,PCBs and PBDEs in the grass samples may be the result of long-range atmospheric transport and bioaccumulation.

关 键 词：喜马拉雅山 葇籽草 棘豆 多氯联苯 多溴联苯醚 二噁英 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]