食物种类与饥饿胁迫对福寿螺生长发育的影响  

Effect of plants species and starvation on the growth of golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata(Lamarck)

作　　者：董胜张[1] 俞晓平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国计量学院生命科学学院浙江省生物计量与检验检疫技术重点实验室,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《生物安全学报》2011年第3期213-219,共7页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：国家"十一五"支撑项目(2008BADA5B06);浙江省科技厅重大项目(2006C12120)

摘　　要：【背景】福寿螺是一种危害极其严重的外来生物,可对不同的农作物造成不同程度的危害。目前,国内外关于食物来源和饥饿程度对福寿螺生长发育影响的研究较少,且主要集中在成螺。【方法】本试验研究8种食物(牛筋草、青菜、油麦菜、芹菜、大白菜、茭白、萝卜叶和杨梅叶)对Ⅲ级福寿螺生长发育的影响,以及不同的饥饿条件对不同发育级别福寿螺的螺长、螺宽、螺高和体重的影响。【结果】在相同条件下,福寿螺取食利用率和特定生长率最高的食物是大白菜,其次是油麦菜,而不取食杨梅叶。饥饿胁迫对不同发育级别福寿螺的影响程度表现为Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ,持续喂食Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级福寿螺100d,其体重分别增加9.65、1.57和3.03倍。而Ⅳ级福寿螺无论饥饿与否其体重变化均不明显。【结论与意义】福寿螺可取食大部分绿色植物,但食物种类可显著影响福寿螺的生长发育,且福寿螺的耐饥性随着温度的增加而减弱。这些结果进一步明确了福寿螺的取食特性,为福寿螺的综合防治提供了理论基础。[ Background] The golden apple snail, Pomaea canaliculata （l_zu＇narck） is a major exotic invasive pest in China, which has a serious impact on almost all kinds of crops. There are few studies about effects of different plants and starvation on develop- ment and growth of juvenile P. canaliculata. [ Method] The length, width, height and live body mass of golden apple snail feeding on eight plants, including Brassica rapa pekinensis, land leaves of MoreUa rubra, Brassica rapa chinensis, Lactuca sativa, Apium graveolens, Zizania latifolia, Raphanus sativus, Eleusine indica were determined in this study. The special growth rate and feeding rate were also compared among different size classes. [ Result]The highest feeding capacity of P. canaliculata occurred on B. rapa pekinensis, and no feeding behavior was found on the leaf of M. rubra. The starvation experiments showed that the small snails were more retarded by starvation and effects of starvation on different classes of P. canaliculata ranked as follows： Rank Ⅰ （0.003 - 0.30 g/snail） 〉 Rank Ⅱ （0.30 - 1.5 g/snail） 〉 Rank Ⅲ （ 1.5 -6.5 g/snail） 〉 Rank Ⅳ （6.5 -70 g/snail）. The development of snails in Rank [ was more dependent on plant foods, and starvation could significantly influence the growth of small snails. The body mass of small snails was more sensitive to food quality than in other size classes. [ Conclusion and significance ] P. canaliculata can feed on all tested plants except M. rubra, but food quality was different between plants. The tolerance of starvation decreased with the increase of temperature.

关 键 词：福寿螺 食物 饥饿胁迫 特定生长率 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] Q958[农业科学—植物保护]