玉米株型对套作大豆氮素积累、转运和籽粒蛋白质产量的影响  

Effect of corn plant type on soybean nitrogen accumulation,translocation and seed protein yield under corn/soybean relay-strip cropping system

作　　者：刘增禹[1] 伍晓燕[1,2] 杨文钰[1] 向达兵[1] 万燕[1] 雷婷[1] 刘卫国[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学,四川雅安625014 [2]四川遂宁船山区科技局,四川遂宁629000

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2011年第6期574-581,共8页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：科技部973项目(2011CB100402);国家自然科学基金(31071373);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-004-10;200803028)

摘　　要：以"玉/豆"套作模式为背景,三个不同株型的玉米和三个不同熟期的大豆材料,采用两因素裂区设计,研究了大豆地上部氮素积累和转运,以及籽粒蛋白质含量的差异。结果表明,各大豆品种中,以晚熟大豆在不同时期、不同器官的氮素积累量为最高,分别高出中、早熟品种121.09%和165.33%,其氮素积累速率、有效荚数、籽粒产量和蛋白质含量平均分别为3.78kg/hm2.d、60.27荚、3 840.22kg/hm2和48.71%,均显著高于中、早熟品种;大豆地上部氮素积累总量、积累速率、转运量和单株有效荚数均随着玉米株型的变化(从紧凑型到平展型)而减少,紧凑型玉米下的大豆籽粒产量和蛋白质产量分别为2 609.10kg/hm2和1 203.83kg/hm2,显著高于其他玉米株型处理;交互作用分析表明,玉米株型与大豆熟性在单株荚数、单荚粒数、籽粒产量和蛋白质产量上互作显著;相关性分析表明蛋白质产量与籽粒产量极显著相关。因此,选择紧凑型玉米与晚熟大豆品种搭配有利于提高套作大豆的产量,从而提高籽粒蛋白质产量。Under corn/soybean relay-strip-cropping systems,using 3 corn cultivars of different types（compact-type,semi-compact-type,flat-type） and 6 soybean cultivars（Gongdou 210,Zhechun 3,Xidou 3,Ledou 1,Gongxuan 1 and Nandou 02-4） of different maturity groups,a two factor split block design experiment was carried out to study the effect of corn plant type on soybean nitrogen accumulation,translocation and seed protein yield.Results showed that aerial part of late-maturing soybean cultivars had the highest nitrogen accumulation amount（NAA） in different growth stages and different organs,which was 121.09% and 165.33% more than those of early-and mid-maturing groups.The nitrogen accumulation rate（NAR）,effective pod number,seed yield and protein content of late-maturing soybean were 3.78kg/hm2·d,60.27 pod,3 840.22kg/hm2 and 48.71% respectively,and they were significantly higher than that of other two soybean groups.NAA,NAR,translocation amount and effective pod number of all soybean tested decreased with the expansion of corn,i.e.from compact-type to flat-type.The highest seed and protein yield of soybean under compact-type corn shade were 2 609.10kg/hm2 and 1 203.83kg/hm2.Corn type and soybean cultivar showed significant interaction in effective pod number,seed number per pod,seed yield and protein yield.Among them,protein yield was closely related to seed yield.Results indicated that combination of late-maturing soybean and compact-type corn could get maximize soybean seed

关 键 词：套作 晚熟大豆 玉米株型 氮素 蛋白质产量 

分 类 号：S565.101[农业科学—作物学] S143.1