山羊冠状动脉的分布及前、后乳头肌血供的研究  

Coronary Artery Distribution and Vascular Network in Anterior and Posterior Papillary Muscles in Goat

作　　者：杨永宾[1] 赵永波[1] 赵志勇[1] 阎志军[1] 冯光兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省人民医院心脏外科,石家庄050051

出　　处：《中国胸心血管外科临床杂志》2011年第6期540-542,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

摘　　要：目的探讨山羊冠状动脉分布方式及其前、后乳头肌血液供应的特点。方法选择成年山羊40只,雌雄不拘,羊龄8～12个月,体重15～20kg。将40支山羊处死后,从心包腔内仔细取出心脏,用丁腈苯乙烯(ABS)树脂溶液经左、右冠状动脉和左心室分别加压灌注,置于水中6h至树脂固定后取出;将心脏置于40%盐酸溶液中浸泡24h,用自来水冲洗掉腐蚀的心肌。观察山羊冠状动脉的分布情况、前后乳头肌的血管来源及分布,并用量尺和游标卡尺进行测量。结果山羊冠状动脉分布均为左优势型,左冠状动脉粗大,分支多,分布广泛,分布范围约占心脏表面积的80%。左前降支长度为90.48±11.74mm,有3根大的分支(对角支),主要分布于左室前壁、心尖、部分左室后壁及室间隔;回旋支长度为85.08±10.50mm,有2根大分支(钝缘支),主要分布于左室前侧壁、后壁、室间隔和部分右心室。右冠状动脉细小,分支少,分布范围约占心脏表面积的20%,仅限于右心室和窦房结。右冠状动脉长度为58.59±5.97mm。结论山羊冠状动脉分布与人类略有差异,但仍是研究乳头肌缺血与二尖瓣关闭不全之间关系的理想动物模型。Objective To explore the distribution of coronary arteries and features of the vascular network in anterior and posterior papillary muscles in goat. Methods At Hebei Province People＇s Hospital between March 2008 and March 2010, 40 goats （male or female, age of 8-12 months, weight of 15-20 kg） were executed and hearts were removed from the pericardial cavity. Left and right coronary arteries and the left ventricle cavity were filled with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene （ABS） solution. The hearts were chilled in water for 6 hours until the ABS solidified. Hearts were then soaked in 40% hydrochloric acid for 24 hours. The muscle was rinsed out with water. The distribution of coronary arteries and the vascular network in anterior and posterior papillary muscles was measured and analyzed with a measure gauge and slide caliper. Results The left coronary artery is the main artery in goat heart. The left coronary artery makes up 80% of the left ventricle. The length of the left anterior descending branch is 90.48±11.74 mm. It has three main diagonal branches, which distribute blood to the anterior wall of the left ventricle, the cardiac apex, part of the posterior wall of the left ventricle, and the ventricle septum. The length of the left circumflex branch is 85. 08 ± 10. 50 mm. It has two obtuse branches, and distributes blood mainly to the anteriorlateral and posterior wall of the left ventricle, the septum of ventricle, and part of the right ventricle. The right coronary artery is small and has fewer branches. It only distributes to about 20% of the right ventricle, and is limited to the sinus node and right ventricle. Its length is 58.59±5.97 ram. The vascular network of the anterior papillary muscle radiates from the diagonal branch. Conclusion Difference of distribution of coronary arteries in heart exists between human and goat. Goats are an ideal model to study the cause-and effect relationship between papillary muscle ischemia and mitral valve regurgitation.

关 键 词：山羊 冠状动脉 解剖 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生]