影响新创企业绩效的创业团队因素研究  

Improving New Venture's Performance:An Entrepreneurial Team's Perspective

作　　者：石书德[1,2] 张帏[1,2] 高建[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学经济管理学院,北京100084 [2]清华大学技术创新研究中心,北京100084

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2011年第4期44-51,共8页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71072018;70972028;70831003);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大资助项目(06JJD630012 08JJD630004)

摘　　要：如何提升新创企业绩效是创业实践和研究的核心问题。创业团队对新创企业的绩效有着决定性的影响,本文从创业团队的视角出发,对如何提升新创企业绩效的问题进行研究。论文对已有研究进行全面的梳理、总结和评论,发现已有研究主要从创业团队构成和合作过程两方面解释新创企业绩效。论文指出,虽然团队构成决定了创业团队的"化学成分",但要形成有助于团队"化学反应"的合作过程,需要有团队制度作为前提条件,否则团队合作关系容易被破坏。因此,本文提出创业团队治理是影响新创企业绩效的重要因素。在此基础上,本文综合团队构成、团队合作过程和团队治理三个维度,建立了影响新创企业绩效的创业团队因素模型,并指出未来研究的重要方向。Entrepreneurial teams combine diverse knowledge,skills and experience,and increase financial recourses,social network and others valuable resources to create new ventures.As such,an entrepreneurial team are often more capable than an individual entrepreneur to complete complicated tasks in the entrepreneurial process.However,because of having different knowledge and values,team members may have trouble of cooperating with each other in an effective manner.Destructive conflicts emerge frequently,and can potentially destroy relationships among team members and business failure. This paper is to investigate effective approaches to improve a new venture＇s performance by amplifying its strength,but minimizing the negative impact of an entrepreneurial team.First,we conduct literature review on team composition characteristics,entrepreneurial and industrial experiences,the relationship between entrepreneurial experiences and a new venture＇s growth,team effectiveness,and the acquisition of external resources.Our literature review leads us to summarize two key factors that can influence the performance of an entrepreneurial team： entrepreneurial team composition and cooperation process of team members.Second,we argue that entrepreneurial team governance is very important to overcome diversified knowledge and values of team members,and achieve new venture success.Team governance mechanisms can ensure that all team members collaborate with each other in a productive manner.An effective team governance mechanism can encourage each member to maximize common interests of the entire team and maintain a long-term cooperative relationship. Finally,we propose a theoretical model to explain a new venture＇s performance by combining the factors of team composition,process,and governance.The model considers compositional characteristics as an entrepreneurial team＇s chemical constitutions,cooperation process as an environment for chemical reactions,and governance as institutional conditions favorable for chemical reactions.Th

关 键 词：新创企业 创业团队 团队治理 创业绩效 

分 类 号：F270.4[经济管理—企业管理]