慢性高眼压致兔视神经及视功能的损伤  

The configuration and function of retinal damage during intraocular hypertension in rabbits

作　　者：魏文[1] 李运[1] 杨晓冉[1] 巩磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学附属省立医院眼科中心,山东济南250021 [2]济南市历下区人民医院眼科

出　　处：《中国老年学杂志》2012年第3期525-528,共4页Chinese Journal of Gerontology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(Y-2002-C-27);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2011Hz076)

摘　　要：目的观察慢性高眼压兔视神经及视功能的损伤。方法新西兰大白兔20只(40眼),随机一眼前房注射卡波姆建立高眼压动物模型(高眼压组),另一眼只做前房穿刺(正常组)。每日测量眼压,在建模前及后7、14、21、28 d检测眼底视乳头杯/盘面积比、闪光视网膜电图(F-ERG)的a波、b波、Ops波的振幅以及视网膜神经节细胞和视神经轴突数目的变化。结果①建模后两组杯/盘面积比(C/DAR值)14 d后、两组b波和Ops波振幅7 d后、a波振幅21 d后出现统计学差异。②建模后7 d:高眼压组神经节细胞数目较正常组减少29.41%;视神经纤维计数减少52.43%,与正常组比较均有显著差异,且随着高眼压持续时间的延长,差异愈明显。结论在慢性高眼压模型中随着时间的延长,出现明显的C/DAR值扩大,神经节细胞死亡及视神经纤维变性,导致视网膜功能下降,出现视网膜电图的a波、b波、Ops波振幅降低,b波和Ops波在眼底出现病变之前出现明显降低,对青光眼的早期诊断具有重要意义。Objective To investigate the configuration and function of retinal damage in high intraocular pressure of rabbits. Methods 20 rabbits（40 eyes） were divided into ocular hyp ertension（OHT,20 eyes） and control groups（20 eyes） randomly.In OHT group 0.2 ml of carbomer was injected into one anterior chamber randomly of each rabbi t to make high IOP model,and paracentesis was performed without any injection c onsisted of control group.IOP was observed at the same time everyday,if IOP w as less than 30 mmHg which lasted two days,carbomer had to be given again.Cup /disc（C/D） ratio of optic disc and F-ERG were obtained before the operation,a fter the operation 7 th,14 th,21th,28 th-days separately. Results Average of IOP was above 30 mmHg in OHT group.T here was difference between OHT and control groups in IOP（P〈0.01）.Ther e was no difference in C/D ratio between two groups before the operation and pos t-operation 1 week（P〈0.05）,but 14 days later there was difference（P 0.05）.7 days post-operation, the total amplitude of b and Ops wave in the OHT were lower than those of contr ol group（P〈0.05）.21 days later there was difference in a wave amplitud e（P 0.05）.7 days later,the most obvious change was the thickness of the ganglio n cells layer in OHT group and the lost of RGCs（29.41%,P〈0.05）and Nf（ 52.43%,P〈0.001）,there were differences between the two groups（P〈0.05）.Differences became more obvious with high intraocular pressure time longer. Conclusions Change of amplitude of b and Ops wave is an i mportant diadynamic criteria to glaucoma.

关 键 词：高眼压 全视野视网膜电图 视网膜神经节细胞 视神经 

分 类 号：R775[医药卫生—眼科]