广州市2004--2008年大气污染对城区居民每日死亡率影响的时间序列分析  被引量:19

Time-series analysis on the acute mortality affected by air pollution, in the city of Guangzhou, 2004-2008

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作  者:黄晓亮[1] 戴灵真[2] 卢萍[1] 尚羽[3] 李怡[4] 陶晔彬[2] 黄薇[2] 

机构地区:[1]广东省卫生统计信息中心,广州510060 [2]北京大学前沿交叉学科研究院环境与健康研究中心 [3]上海大学环境化学与工程学院 [4]中国气象科学研究院

出  处:《中华流行病学杂志》2012年第2期210-214,共5页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基  金:基金项目:国家环境保护部公益项目(201009032,200809109);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2008AA062503)

摘  要:目的评价2004—2008年广州市大气污染短期暴露与居民死亡风险的相关性。方法采用时间序列方法,对主要大气污染物可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、二氧化氮(NO2)和二氧化硫(SO2)与每日死亡率相关性进行Poisson回归分析。结果模型分析结果表明,通过控制年龄、性别、时间、星期几效应和气象因素,发现PM10、NO2和SO:这3种大气污染物暴露与超额死亡风险存在正相关关系。广州市3种大气污染物在过去48h的暴露浓度每上升10μg/m^2所对应的总死亡的超额风险分别为0.94%(0.79—1.09)、1.55%(1.31~1.78)和1.09%(0.91—1.27)。研究结果表明,大气污染物暴露与心血管系统疾病或呼吸系统疾病死亡的关联显著,对老年人和女性的影响更为显著。结论广州市主要大气污染短期暴露与居民的超额死亡风险显著相关。Objective To study the associations between daily mortality and the status of exposure to air pollution. Methods A time-series analysis was conducted to assess the relations between acute mortality and exposure to respiratory particulate matter (PM10), sulfur-dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in urban residents of Guangzhou (2004-2008), using Poisson regression. Results Through controling the factors as temperature, relative humidity, age, gender and time, significant increases were observed in all-cause mortality of 0.94% (0.79-1.09) for PM,0, 1.55% (1.31-1.78) for NO2, and 1.09% (0.91-1.27) for SO2, per 10 μg/m3, when increase of the lagging 2-day average concentrations of air pollution was seen, in Guangzhou. Stronger effects of exposure to air pollution were found on cardiovascular and respiratory mortality, as well as in elderly( ≥65 years) and female population. Conclusion Our results suggested that exposure to ambient pollution was significantly associated with the increase of excess risks, on total and cardio-respiratory mortality in the residents of Guangzhou.

关 键 词:大气污染 死亡率 时间序列分析 超额风险 

分 类 号:X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]

 

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