武汉地区近33年新生儿死因的病理解剖分析  

Pathologic anatomic Analysis on the Death Causes of Newborn Infants in Recent 33 Years in Wuhan

作　　者：吴翠环[1] 倪娟[1] 杨毅 车东媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济医科大学病理学教研室,武汉430030

出　　处：《中华围产医学杂志》2000年第1期33-35,共3页Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine

摘　　要：目的　分析武汉地区 33年来新生儿死因的时态变化。　方法　 196 6年～ 1998年同济医科大学新生儿病理尸检 6 96例 ,基本按 10年划分为 3个时间段 (196 6年～ 1975年 ,1976年～ 1985年 ,1986年～ 1998年 )。每时间段内按死婴出生后生存时间划分为 <2 4h、～ 7d、～ 2 8d3个年龄组。取前 6位死因进行比较。　结果　前 6位死因是羊水吸入性肺炎、畸形、肺透明膜病、颅内出血、感染性肺炎及羊水吸入 ;3个不同时间段前 6位死因中早产儿分别占 2 2 .8%、31.9%和 36 .2 % ,足月儿分别占 5 0 .6 %、48.7%及 36 .8% ;近 13年来 ,肺透明膜病上升为新生儿的首要死因 ,颅内出血逐渐上升 ,感染性疾病明显减少。　结论　前 6位死因中早产儿比例逐渐上升 ,足月儿则逐渐下降 ,肺透明膜病的上升提示临床必须引起高度重视。Objective To analyse the changes of the death causes of newborn infants in recent 33 years in Wuhan. Method From 1966 to 1998, pathological autopsies of 696 newborn infants were performed in Tongji Medical University. Three periods were divided in about 10 years interval (1966 to 1975, 1976 to 1985, 1986 to 1998). Three age groups (<24 h, 2 to 7 days and 8 to 28 days) were obtained in terms of the survival of the newborn infants in each period. The first 6 death causes were campared. Result The first 6 death causes were amniotic fluid aspiration pneumonia, malformation, hyaline membrane disease, intracranial hemorrhage, infectious pneumonia and amniotic fluid aspiration. The premature newborns accounted for 22.8%, 31.9%, 36.2% of the first 6 death causes in the three different period, respectively, while the mature newborns, 50.6%, 48.7%, 36.8%, respectively. In recent 13 years, hyaline membrane disease became the top death cause of the newborn infants. Intracranial hemorrhage gradually increased and infectious diseases obviously decreased. Conclusion In the first 6 death causes, the premature newborns were gradually increased and the mature newborns decreased. Much attention should be paid to the increase of hyaline membrane disease in clinic.

关 键 词：死亡率 尸体解剖 新生儿 死因 

分 类 号：R361[医药卫生—病理学]