施肥模式对连作草莓枯萎病控制效果及土壤微生物群落特征的影响  

Effects of Fertilization on Strawberry Fusarium Wilt and Soil Microbial Communities Under Continuous Mono-cropping

作　　者：陈义群[1,2,3] 董元华[1,3] 王辉[1,3] 黄冠燚[1] 霍恒志[4] 

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]河海大学环境学院,南京210098 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [4]江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所,江苏句容212400

出　　处：《土壤》2012年第1期78-83,共6页Soils

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程方向项目(KZCX2-YW-JC405;KSCX2-YW-N-51-02);河海大学自然科学基金项目(2008429811);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2010B05314)资助

摘　　要：通过营养调控防治连作病害是近年来的发展方向之一。本研究通过不同施肥处理的田间小区试验,采用微生物培养方法和Biolog微生物自动分析系统分析了不同施肥模式下草莓抗病能力、连作土壤微生物群落特征。研究结果表明:与当地习惯施肥相比,优化施肥模式I和II可以促进草莓生长,并有效地控制草莓枯萎病;优化施肥模式I提高了草莓连作土壤细菌/真菌和放线菌/真菌比例;Biolog结果显示在短期内不同施肥模式对土壤微生物群落碳源利用能力和Shannon指数、Simpson指数、Mcintosh指数的影响有限;PCA分析表明,优化施肥模式I的土壤微生物群落碳源利用特征与当地习惯施肥模式明显不同。综合考虑控病效果及施肥量,优化施肥模式I是更为经济有效的施肥模式。Soil nutrient management is recently an attractive method to control soil-borne plant disease. A field plot experiment with different fertilization treatments was carried out to evaluate the effects of fertilization on disease resistance of strawberry and soil microbial communities in continuous mono-cropping field of strawberry, by using microbial cultivation and Biolog analysis. The results showed that strawberry plant growth could be improved and strawberry fusarium wilt was controlled effectively under optimized fertilization treatments. In addition, the proportion of culturable bacterium and actinomycetes to fungus under optimized fertilization I were increased when compared with conventional fertilization treatment. The Biolog analyses indicated that optimized fertilization treatments had less affects on the carbon utilization ability and Shannon, Simpson, Mcintosh indexes of soil microbial communities in a short term. PCA analyses suggested that carbon utilization of soil microbial communities under optimized fertilization I was obviously different from that of conventional fertilization treatment. Considering control of strawberry Fusarium wilt and dosage of fertilizer, optimized fertilization I was more effective and economical treatment than optimized fertilization II.

关 键 词：草莓枯萎病 施肥 土壤微生物群落 BIOLOG 

分 类 号：S316[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]