北京主要绿化植物和土壤对大气中硫的积累特点及其指示、净化作用  

THE CHARACTERICS OF ACCUMULATION OF SULPHUR FROM THE AIR BY THE MAIN PLANTS AND SOILS IN BEIJING AND THEIR INDICATIVE AND PURGATIVE ABILITIES

作　　者：黄银晓[1] 林舜华[1] 韩荣庄 姚依群[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100044

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1990年第5期380-389,共10页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金："六五"攻关项目

摘　　要：本文研究了北京城、近郊区50种植物和土壤对硫的吸收、积累特点及其指示、净化作用。结果表明:不同植物种以旱柳的含硫量最高,珍珠梅的含硫量最低;不同类型植物的含硫量以苔藓植物>阔叶落叶乔木>草本植物>落叶灌木>常绿针叶乔木;植物、土壤的含硫量都以工业污染区最高,植物含硫量可为自然背景值的2.5—10倍,土壤含硫量可为自然背景值的4倍。主要绿化植物和土壤的含硫量可指示出不同功能区硫的污染状况,反应本区大气的环境质量。研究的10种植物的吸收净化量,乔木中以泡桐最大,约6kg/ha·a,依次为泡桐>旱柳>槐树>刺槐>毛白杨;灌木以紫丁香最大,约达4kg/ha·a,依次为紫丁香>珍珠梅>榆叶梅>紫薇>连翘。上述研究结果,可为城市规划和选择适宜的,净化量大、抗性强的绿化树种提供科学依据。This paper is a study on the charcaterics of sulphur accumulation from the air in 50 species of plants and the soils in the suburbs of Beijing and their indicative and purgative abilities.The results of an investigation show that among all the 50 species Salix matsudana has the highest sulphur content,while Spiraea blumei has the lowest.According to their sul- phur contents,different types of plants can be arranged in the following order:mosses deci- duous broad trees>herbs>deciduous shrubs>evergreen coniferous trees.The sulphur content of plants and soils in industry pollution area are the highest.The sulphur content of plants in this area are 2.5—10 times higher than the background value and the sulphur content of soils are 4 times higher than the background value.The sulphur contents of the plants and soils can be used as an indicator of the state of sulphur pollution,which reflects the environ- mental quality of the air in different function areas.The amount of purification of ten dif- ferent plants has been investigated.Among the trees under investigation Paulownria tomentosa has the greatest amount,which is about 6 kg/ha per year.According to their amount of puri- fication they can be arranged in the following order:Paulownria tomentosa>Salix matsu- dana>Sophora japonica>Robinia pseudoacacia>Populus tomentosa.Among the shrubs under investigation Syringa oblata has the highest amount,which is about 4 kg/h per year.Accord- ing to their amount of purification,they can be arranged in the following order:Syringa oblata>Spiraea blumei>Prunus triloba>Lagerstromia indica>Forsythia suspensa.We sug- gest that the results of the study can provide a scientific basis for city planning and selecting suitable species of plants which have large amount of purification and strong resistance.

关 键 词：绿化植物 硫 积累 指示作用 净化 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]