先秦儒学克制道德相对主义的三个向度  

Three Dimensions of Moral Relativism Control in Pre-Qin Confucian

作　　者：王连冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学哲学社会学院哲学系博士研究生,长春130012

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2012年第2期103-108,158,共6页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：吉林大学研究生创新基金资助项目(项目批准号20111007)

摘　　要：道德相对主义对主流价值观念的挑战主要可以概括为三个方面:道德原则是否具有普遍必然性、理性能否认知道德原则、道德原则能否摆脱道德实践上的冲突。先秦儒学理清了作为普遍、必然的道德原则的仁与作为具体的行为规范的礼之间的紧张关系,从而澄清了道德相对主义因混淆两者而带来的混乱;先秦儒学并未像道德相对主义那样认为道德原则无法通过理性证明因而不存在,而是认为道德原则是明证的,其落实依旧需要理性的认知;在实践上先秦儒家主张行权返经,强调在道德原则统摄下所作的变通都是为了更好地实现仁道,从而有效避免了道德纷争。先秦儒学智慧对克服当代西方道德相对主义具有启发性意义。Moral relativism challenged the mainstream of values in three aspects,which were whether the moral principle had universal inevitability,whether the reason could cognize the moral principle,and whether the moral principle could release from the conflicts in the moral practice.The Pre-Qin Confucian cleared up the relationship between 'benevolence' and 'rite',and clarified the confusion caused by them.Pre-Qin Confucian,not like moral relativism which advocates the moral principle doesn't exist because it cannot be proved by the reason,insists that the moral principle is demonstrative and its implementation depends on the reason cognition.Pre-Qin Confucian emphasizes the flexibility under the moral principle is to realize 'benevolence' and avoid the moral conflicts.The philosophy of Pre-Qin Confucian has the enlightening significance for overcoming the moral relativism in the contemporary Western.

关 键 词：道德相对主义 仁礼统一 仁心明证 行权返经 

分 类 号：B82-09[哲学宗教—伦理学]