长沙市临床护士职业压力与职业倦怠的相关性研究  

Analysis of relationship between occupational stress and burnout of the clinical nurses in Changsha

作　　者：席明霞[1] 卿利敏[2] 李丹[3] 黄冬枚[2] 

机构地区：[1]长沙市中心医院护理部,410004 [2]南华大学护理学院,衡阳市421001 [3]长沙市中心医院社工部,410004

出　　处：《护理管理杂志》2012年第2期77-79,共3页Journal of Nursing Administration

基　　金：湖南省医药卫生科研计划项目(C2009015)

摘　　要：目的探讨长沙市临床护士职业压力与职业倦怠的关系,为医院临床护理管理者预防和干预临床护士职业压力和职业倦怠提供依据。方法采用临床护士一般资料调查表、职业压力问卷和职业倦怠问卷对长沙市5所综合性医院的412名临床护士进行问卷调查。结果临床护士职业压力总均分为(3.77±0.48)分,其中人际关系得分为(3.93±0.56)分居首位;职业倦怠总均分为(3.82±0.40)分,其中情感衰竭得分为(3.27±0.58)分居首位,职业压力和职业倦怠均处于高水平;低成就感与职业压力及其患者态度和职业发展维度呈正相关(P<0.05),情感衰竭与职业压力及其人际关系、患者态度、危重患者、职业发展维度呈正相关(P<0.05),职业倦怠及其人格解体维度与职业压力及其各维度均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论长沙市临床护士的职业压力和职业倦怠均处于高水平,应引起医院管理者和社会的重视。Objective To explore the relationship between occupational stress and the job burnout of clinical nurses in Changsha so as to provide the refer- ence of prevention and intervention of occupational stress and the job burnout for the managers in hospitals. Methods A total of 412 clinical nurses in 5 general hospitals were recruited,and a general information questionnaire,Occupational Stress Scale and Job Burnout Scale were employed. Results The nman score of occupational stress was （3.77±0.48 ） and the highest was the dimension of interpersonal relationship （3.93±0.56）. The mean score of job burnout was （ 3, 82±0.40） and the highest was the dimension of emotional exhaustion （ 3.27 ±0.58 ）. The scores of occupational stress and job burnout were at a high level. The score of low accomplishment was positively correlated with the occupational pressure （P 〈 0.05 ） , and the seore of emotional exhaustion was positively correlated with interpersonal relationship, patients＇ attitude, patients with critical condition and professional development （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Job burnout and depersonalization dimension were positively correlated with occupational stress and its dimensions （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The occupational stress and job burnout of clinical nurses in Changsha city are at a high level and more attention should be strengthened by managers of hospitals and the society.

关 键 词：职业倦怠 职业压力 护士 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]